Posted on 07/05/2010 4:38:01 PM PDT by Palter
Research illuminating an ancient language connection between Asia and North America supports archeological and genetic evidence that a Bering Strait land bridge once connected North America with Asia, and the discovery is being endorsed by a growing list of scholars in the field of linguistics and other sciences.
The work of Western Washington University linguistics professor Edward Vajda with the isolated Ket people of Central Siberia is revealing more and more examples of an ancient language connection with the language family of Na-Dene, which includes Tlingit, Gwich’in, Dena’ina, Koyukon, Navajo, Carrier, Hupa, Apache and about 45 other languages.
In 2008, Vajda aired his hypothesis at a Dene-Yeniseian Symposium in Alaska organized by James Kari of the University of Alaska Native Language Center.
Vajda’s 67-page article, presented at the February 2008 symposium, is featured in “The Dene-Yeniseian Connection,” a just-released joint publication of the University of Alaska Fairbanks Department of Anthropology and ANLC.
The 369-page book includes an additional 17 other papers either presented at the conference or solicited by the book’s UAF editors: Kari, a professor emeritus of linguistics, and Ben Potter, an assistant professor of anthropology.
Extensive travel and research
Vajda, now director of the Center for East Asian Studies at WWU in Bellingham, was trained in Slavic languages but became interested in Ket in the late 1980s, when he came across a book in Russian about the near extinct language in Siberia.
His interest grew, and over the years he has engaged in extensive research, meeting Ket speakers twice in Germany, in southern Siberia and in Ket villages along the Yenisei River in central Siberia.
To reach the remote Ket area from Bellingham, Vajda traveled via six airplanes, three trains and a 4-1/2 hour helicopter ride that sometimes barely cleared the tops of the Siberian spruce forests.
Of the 1,200 Ket people, only about 100, all older than 55, still speak the language.
In 2004, Vajda wrote a small Ket language grammar and is gathering materials for a larger book.
New way to see prehistory
The importance of studying a disappearing language goes far beyond a personal linguistic interest, Vajda explained.
“It’s a new way to understand human pre-history before there were historians to write it down. Isolated languages like Ket have developed features that are very unusual and interesting, and they help us to understand the human mind and human language ability.”
“We linguists should not be the focus of attention here,” Vajda added. “What is important are the languages and especially the Native communities themselves.”
Vajda takes no credit for coming up with the Asian language connection.
“People developed the beginnings of these ideas even 300 years ago, and in 1923 someone made the specific claim I am arguing for. My work builds on vocabulary comparisons made by other linguists in the late 1990s as well.”
The strength of the new book, Vajda said, is that the editors brought together a lot of related international studies of connections with the Old and New World.
“This book goes beyond linguistics,” he said. “Language relatedness carries with it other non-linguistic ramifications, and they should be related too.”
Breathing life into history
In addition to linguists, the publication’s multiple authors include archeologists, anthropologists, and human geneticists who are all looking at the same problem and same hypothesis.
“I hope people will see this as a developing work and if this hypothesis is correct, there will be support and more evidence for it.”
“This is not the last word; it’s the beginning of a multi-disciplinary study of the Dene-Yeniseian link,” Vajda said.
Potter concurs.
“The papers in this volume raise fascinating questions. This has opened the floodgates to a whole new arena of integration of the different disciplines — folklore, archaeology, genetics and linguistics,” said the archaeologist. “We can work out the implications together.”
“The vast majority of Native peoples in western subarctic Canada and Alaska are Na-Dene and before Vajda’s work, there was no definitive link with any other group in the Old World,” he said.
Normally, the archeological record doesn’t speak, he explained. But with this deep language connection, an understanding of how prehistoric people viewed the spiritual world, how they categorized the natural world, and their customs might be revealed.
“Then we can breathe life into the ancestors of the Yeniseian and Na-Dene people,” Potter said. “There is the potential: that together, scholars from many disciplines can begin to reconstruct the lifeways of these people from stone tools, genetics, and now linguistics, and help understand the journey that brought them from Old World to the New.”
Heh heh... I may do that... I’m a little put out that Amazon keeps dinking with the graphic URL though.
The trilophodon had a long, pointed chin tipped with two short tusks, a short trunk and two larger tusks on the skull that curved down. The fossil found Wednesday belonged to an adult that Young estimates was 7 to 8 feet tall and 12 to 15 feet long and weighed between one and two tons.
Oh..I guess not.
The history of the southwest from the Anasazi to the Navajo to the Hopi to the Apache is intriguing in the sense that the waves of the populace had interesting changes as certain migrations occurred. And when the Hopi nations appeared, the Anasazi disappeared.
Also the Alaskan languages are so much like languages here.
Some day maybe reaganaut will do a new study in this region debunking all the Mormon rhetoric.
Wiki has a piece that says: "Some of the native languages of North and South America are tonal, notably many of the Athabaskan languages of Alaska and the American Southwest (including Navajo), and especially the Oto-Manguean languages of Mexico. Among the Mayan languages, which are mostly non-tonal, Yucatec (with the largest number of speakers), Uspantek, and one dialect of Tzotzil have developed simple tone systems."
So what we are talking about in terms of tonal languages in Mexico is a group.
Given the discovery that the Chinese have a gene to produce a protein that helps the brain process tonal languages it's time for some DNA tests in Mexico!
OK, I Googled Oto-Manguean languages. These have nothing to do with Aztec, which only showed up in Central Mexico 200 to 300 years before the Spaniards after traveling there from the north. Key civilizations of the O-M were the Zapotec and Mixtec whose ruins (which I have visited and photographed) are outside Oaxaca, which I would not consider Central Mexico, more like southern Mexico. These two cultures were far older than the Aztecs and from a different cultural antecedent. Another culture that I recognize in the O-M group is the Otomi, also southern, I think.
I believe anthropologists consider “Central Mexico” to be a bit south of the geographical central portion ~ a number of civilizations grew up there over several thousand years. No doubt the ancient Aztecs had a term for “El Norte” and meant what we would today call Northern Mexico and maybe San Diego county
How does all this preclude colonization of at least NE Asia from America?
Doesn’t, and thanks! It’s always amused and bemused me that the alleged land bridge must have been lousy with one-way signs.
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