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Revolutionary biodegradable pellet targets glue ear infection
http://medicalxpress.com ^ | 07-21-2011 | Staff + University of Nottingham

Posted on 07/21/2011 12:46:09 PM PDT by Red Badger

A revolutionary biodegradable pellet which slowly releases antibiotics into the middle ear could transform the lives of thousands of children who suffer from glue ear.

Scientists at The University of Nottingham have developed the tiny controlled-release antibiotic pellet which can be implanted in the middle ear during surgery to fit grommets, or small ventilation tubes. Over a period of three weeks it will release effective quantities of antibiotics to target any infection which can, in up to 20 per cent of cases, result in children having to return for a second and sometimes a third operation.

The team has been led by John Birchall, Professor of Otorhinolaryngology, and Roger Bayston, Associate Professor of Surgical Infection, in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Professor Birchall said: “Glue ear is one of the commonest complaints that we see in children in the ENT clinic. The condition causes hearing loss, problems with speech or schooling, and often it is accompanied by repeated ear infections. We are particularly concerned about children that have glue ear that comes back despite grommet surgery — with risks of permanent damage to the ear drum or the middle ear. This exciting new research to try to reduce the need for repeated grommet insertion involves ENT surgeons, microbiologists and pharmacists. Having such a multidisciplinary team on board means that we can take advantage of all the expertise available to help these children.”

Up to 80 per cent of children are affected temporarily by glue ear. Glue ear causes hearing impairment and subsequently can affect speech and schooling. Glue ear can also be associated with frequent ear infections. As many as 33,000 grommets are fitted in England and Wales every year. In Nottingham alone 300 to 400 children are referred to a specialist — 100 of them will require grommets. Whilst treatment with grommets is effective, the grommets are designed to extrude after about nine months or so. Unfortunately glue ear can return and one in five children will have to have surgery again.

Glue ear happens when a thick mucus collects inside the ear, at the other side of the ear drum. This interferes with hearing and therefore with schooling, social development and relationships with friends and siblings. Following research by this group and others, it is now recognised that glue ear is caused by biofilms — bacteria which grow together in a protective ‘slime’. They are very difficult to treat because they are capable of turning off target sites for common antibiotics, becoming up to 1,000 times less susceptible. In a significant proportion of cases, antibiotics have only a temporary effect and repeated grommet operations are needed.

First, the team produced a biodegradable pellet capable of doing the job. Dr Mat Daniel said: “We tested antibiotics against biofilms in the laboratory but it rapidly became apparent that very much higher levels of antibiotics would be needed. Because of that we knew that giving antibiotics by mouth was not going to work. We developed this biodegradable antibiotic pellet so we could put it directly into the ear — where the actual infection is. We hope that in the future this may very much reduce the need for any children to have more than one operation.”

Next, they found a way of demolishing the biofilm to make the infection easier to treat. This work has been the responsibility of Dr Saif Al-Zahid. He said: “Bacteria in biofilms are held together in a strong matrix. We have recently found that the expectorant N-Acetylcysteine is able to break down this biofilm matrix effectively — thereby releasing bacteria to a free-floating planktonic form. In doing so antibiotics become much more effective in killing bacteria as the protective properties of a biofilm are no longer present. N-Acetylcysteine has an added benefit due to its mucus reducing properties — this is desirable in glue ear as the middle ear is filled with a thick mucus secretion. As a result the addition of N-Acetylcysteine in our antibiotic pellet would be likely to increase the chance of eradicating middle ear biofilms and speed up the resolution of glue ear.”

Provided by University of Nottingham


TOPICS: Health/Medicine
KEYWORDS: disease; ear; hearing; infection

CAN YOU HEAR ME NOW?..................

Hearing ping list..............

1 posted on 07/21/2011 12:46:19 PM PDT by Red Badger
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To: joe fonebone; SamiGirl; gitmogrunt; Freee-dame; ROCKLOBSTER; ryderann; Red_Devil 232; ...

Hearing Ping!............


2 posted on 07/21/2011 12:47:00 PM PDT by Red Badger (PEAS in our time? Obama cries PEAS! PEAS! when there is no PEAS!..........................)
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To: Red Badger

Good pic for the topic but I think his condition has proceeded to the ‘glue brain’ stage.


3 posted on 07/21/2011 12:58:39 PM PDT by TigersEye (Wranglers not Levis. Levi Strauss is anti-2nd Amendment.)
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To: TigersEye

Note position of telephone receiver....................


4 posted on 07/21/2011 1:03:17 PM PDT by Red Badger (PEAS in our time? Obama cries PEAS! PEAS! when there is no PEAS!..........................)
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To: Red Badger

My daughter suffers hearing and speech issues from glue ear. They said when removed her tonsils and put in tubes that they pulled out what was like pebbles from the infection that would not go away. Or would subside and come back.


5 posted on 07/21/2011 1:06:00 PM PDT by autumnraine (America how long will you be so deaf and dumb to the chariot wheels carrying you to the guillotine?)
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To: Red Badger

Oh, yeah! That is a sure sign of ‘glue brain.’ A condition where a mucous plug has formed from ear to ear and from crown to basal ganglia. All gray matter has been forced down to the 2nd (Algore) chakra and exited through the lower aperture. ;^)


6 posted on 07/21/2011 1:12:01 PM PDT by TigersEye (Wranglers not Levis. Levi Strauss is anti-2nd Amendment.)
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To: Red Badger

First time I have heard of this “Glue Ear”.


7 posted on 07/21/2011 1:13:41 PM PDT by Red_Devil 232 (VietVet - USMC All Ready On The Right? All Ready On The Left? All Ready On The Firing Line!)
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To: Red_Devil 232

I have no idea what glue ear is but I do believe that I was one of four whose Dad Dr. did not remove her tonsils or adenoids due to time constraints. Nobody else was sick, I suffered from tonsillitis, broncho crappy ear infections all of my life.

My son was in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) THREE TIMES, once at thirteen days with a fever of 104 and nearly dead. Second time at 18 months for two weeks with an “unknown viral issue”...HELLOO!

The third time with a fever of 105 ( his fifteenth probably...I can’t remember! at 4 years.
I finally convinced his ENT to take his freaking adenoids out at 5, they wouldn’t take the tonsils but it took them one hour under anaesthesia to just clean his ears.

He is 17 now, he’s had two colds, one minor bout of walking pneumonia and that’s it. We don’t do flu shots since 12th year.

He does suffer from migraines however, no proven reason.

If you ask me.. T and A, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy should become the substitute for all of these understudied freakazoid GMO vaccines.

In the 50’s and 60’s this was common practice.

Diseases ran rampant after that.

JMHO.


8 posted on 07/21/2011 6:45:51 PM PDT by acapesket
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To: Red_Devil 232

Mediterraneans drip olive oil into the ears to unplug them.


9 posted on 07/21/2011 6:56:00 PM PDT by txhurl (Did you want to talk or fish?)
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To: acapesket

My parents had my tonsils removed when I was two or three. The night before I went to the hospital, I have been told I fell out of bed which caused me to have a black eye. I was told the black eye was the reason we were going to the hospital. Of course I don’t remember any of this.


10 posted on 07/21/2011 7:54:26 PM PDT by Red_Devil 232 (VietVet - USMC All Ready On The Right? All Ready On The Left? All Ready On The Firing Line!)
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To: Red_Devil 232

Same here, and I’ve been around since 1940. Never had tubes in my ears, tonsils out at 5.


11 posted on 07/22/2011 1:43:32 AM PDT by wita
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To: txhurl

Tx. I knew that but forgot about it. I will try it again, let you know.


12 posted on 07/24/2011 7:50:49 PM PDT by acapesket
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To: acapesket

All the parts and pieces God saw fit to jam into my frame are still there. Minus the wisdom teeth.

I kinda wish I could have had a T&A removal, based on testimony above, but that was long gone when I was a kid.
I didn’t even get a smallpox shot, they were discontinued.


13 posted on 07/25/2011 2:53:02 PM PDT by txhurl (Did you want to talk or fish?)
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