Uninstall Adobe Reader and then install Foxit reader.
http://www.foxitsoftware.com/Secure_PDF_Reader/
http://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/display-pdf-browser-acrobat-xi.html
I don’t think I have the Adobe Reader plugin, so all of my PDFs open externally. But my son encountered this problem this week; PDF wouldn’t open in Waterfox. Think his resolution was to switch to different browser for that page, temporarily.
Use a real browser. IE works just fine.
Here’s a discussion from several weeks ago: http://freerepublic.com/focus/f-bloggers/3042132/posts
Adobe, notwithstanding Photoshop's wide audience, can pound sand.
Try clicking the X to the right of the URL/address to cancel the download, then hitting the circular arrow to restart the download. Try that a couple of times. Once downloaded into the process space of FF, you should have the”Open With Different Viewer” button to the top-right of the document window in FF.
The bug (assuming it’s a bug) will no doubt be patched soon. I experienced the prob too!
...
I see a lot of people have recommended Foxit. That’s a good add-on but if you update your FF it now has a built in PDF reader. I think everything after version 20 has this.
As for Firefox....I had just such a malfunction earlier this year and I tracked it down to a crappy update of Flash Player.