I remember when we were falling behind the commies, because they graduated 10 times the engineers we did and twice the doctors. There's more to successful research than numbers. You need freedom, you need a culture that encourages creativity and risk-taking and a culture of second and third chances. No one matches the US of A for all of the above.
Somewhere I read recently that "capital is a coward", it wants to minimize risk while maximizing profits. Think about how that might encourage mediocrity.