Posted on 07/05/2006 7:42:09 PM PDT by NorthOf45
Halifax possible shuttle pit stop
Airport on crew’s list of emergency landing sites
The Chronicle Herald
By Chris Lambie
July 5, 2006
Halifax International Airport is one of a handful of sites along the eastern seaboard where the space shuttle Discovery could have landed Tuesday if something had gone awry shortly after takeoff.
And the same airport could be used during this 12-day space mission if the shuttle has to land in a hurry, according to Steve MacLean, the next Canadian astronaut scheduled to fly on board the shuttle Atlantis in August. Gander and Stephenville, N.L., are also on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s list of potential emergency runways.
"About five minutes into the flight or so, you might have to come into Halifax," Mr. Mac-Lean said Tuesday.
Astronauts use a simulator to practise landing the shuttle in Halifax.
"It’s great because my whole crew knows we’re going to get treated well because I’m Canadian," he said.
"We have fun with that. And the beer is better in Canada, you know how it is."
All joking aside, it’s nice to know the runways are there, Mr. MacLean said.
"If you do land in Canada and everything is well, that’s a good day."
The shuttle touches down at about 350 kilometres an hour. That means it would have to slow down from a speed of about 25,000 kilometres an hour before landing.
"We have a series of S-turns that we execute that soak up a lot of energy," Mr. MacLean said. "Plus, we have that huge speed brake at the back."
In the event of a landing here, Nova Scotians would be able to see the shuttle with the naked eye, he said.
"They’d hear it, too. You’d get several sonic booms."
When the shuttle lifts off from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, there are two minutes when it can’t separate from the external solid fuel tank.
"If something goes wrong in the first two minutes, we’re out of luck," Mr. MacLean said.
After that, if the shuttle were to experience a problem such as an engine failure, there is a short window of time when it could abort and return to Kennedy.
For a few minutes after that, eight airfields from South Carolina to Atlantic Canada then become the spots where the shuttle might have to make what NASA terms an East Coast abort landing. There is also a runway in Saragossa, Spain, where the shuttle can land.
"There is more risk than landing it at the end of the mission because you’re a heavyweight," Mr. MacLean said.
"And the runways themselves aren’t as good as the runways at White Sands (Missile Range in New Mexico) or Kennedy or at Edwards (Air Force Base in California)."
If the shuttle landed in Halifax, it would tie up the airport for about 24 hours, "unless there was some incident on the runway," Mr. MacLean said. "Then it’s different."
The odds of a shuttle landing in Nova Scotia aren’t as astronomical as you might think.
"I think it’s one in a hundred," said Mr. MacLean, adding none of the East Coast abort sites have ever been used.
During the shuttle launch, Halifax International is in constant contact with Transport Canada and NASA.
"If anything occurs during that time period and Halifax is designated, Nav Canada has to clear the airspace, we have to clear the runways and we’ll see what happens," said Peter Clarke, the airport’s vice-president of operations.
Nobody has figured out who would cover the cost of closing down the airport in the event of an emergency shuttle landing.
"I don’t think it’s come up at this point," Mr. Clarke said. "We’re designated by Transport Canada; it’s a treaty arrangement between the two governments."
Ping
I have been to Halifax.
Halifax is quite well known for Schools for the Blind. The explosion and all of that.
I might as well have been blind when I was there. The fog never lifted during my Summer vacation.
I cannot imagine that area as a landing site.
The shuttles time is way past. Time for new technology.
OK! I guess the next new technology is:
"BEAM ME UP SCOTTY!"
And when is your estimate when this happens?
Wasn't it Nova Scotia that was so gracious and hospitable in housing so many people when all the planes were grounded on Sept. 11? Wonderful story, wonderful people.
I don't know. I do know that the shuttle is a system that's made more dangerous by the management at NASA. I know dozens of people that work at JSC and they all say the system is dangerous as hell because the suits are running the show when the engineers should be.
Maybe we should take a billion or so and give it to Dick Rutan and see what he can do?
There are two runways in Spain where the Shuttle can land. The old AF base at Zaragoza (not Saragossa) and the Spanish AF base at Moron.
Nova Scotia seems way too far north for a shuttle landing site during an aborted takeoff. The primary reasons for launching space missions from Florida -- despite the high probability of heavy rainstorms and threats of strong tropical storms for much of the year -- is: 1) Florida's proximity to the equator relative to other U.S. states (since most space missions involve equatorial), and 2) the fact that a space vehicle launched from Florida is well out over the Atlantic Ocean very soon after it leaves the ground (in case something goes wrong and a rocket or shuttle crashes after takeoff).
Shuttle launches to the Space Station travel up the east coast, as required to join the Station's 57 degree orbit.
Night launches can be seen as far up as Long Island. They are like a fast moving star running along the horizon. At 8 1/2 minutes you can see the light go out when the engines cut off.
There were multiple locations across Canada that provided assistance to the planes that were forced down. The east coast, especially Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, received the lions share I believe. Gander Newfoundland, population of 9,600, took care of 38 planes (6,500 travellers).
That's interesting -- thanks for posting that info. I never knew the space station orbits the earth that far north.
Also, note that the shuttle launches from a vertical position, but lands on a horizontal trajectory. It will travel great distances when coming in for a landing.
Right. It also orbits upside-down, relative to the surface of the earth.
The airport is well inland from the harbor. I was in N.S. in '65, and in '01. '65 was by the Blue Nose out of Bar Harbor. 'o2 was into Halifiax airport.
In '65 the kinfolk still iived on dirt roads, had outhouses and made butter in the butter churn - the milk was fresh from the cow. The kitchen stove heated the house. The kids spoke English but the old folks spoke Gaelic. No joke. In '02, they had paved roads, and indoor plumbing, and Gaelic was just a novelty a few old timers trotted out on special occasions.
There's a shuttle emergency landing site in downtown Mobile, Alabama too.
Here's a link to the Halifax Int'l Airport site with the story of 9-11 as it unfolded.
www.hiaa.ca/default.asp?mn=70.1.77
Nova Scotia is a beautiful place. My wife and I visited her cousin & husband in 2002 in Halifax.
He is actually a Conservative newspaper editor/columnist for the Chronicle Herald.
We saw Hi Definition replay of the shuttle launch this afternoon. It was just gorgeous!! I didn't know that they had affixed a camera to the large external fuel tank, and it was still going when the shuttle separated from it WAY up over the earth. What an awesome shot.
Hmmm. Doesn't list Halifax or Mobile.
some of the best pubs in Canada.
The Halifax runway isn't all that long........and has a big hump in the middle. I'm not sure I'd want to land the shuttle there.
"Break out the Screech, Ernie. This will be one heck of a crash, eh?"
"Nova Scotia seems way too far north for a shuttle landing site during an aborted takeoff."
and
"Florida's proximity to the equator relative to other U.S. states (since most space missions involve equatorial)"
Well . . . there has never been a Shuttle mission with an inclination lower than 28.5 degrees -- because that is KSC's latitude. You would have to do a plane-change in orbit to get it lower, and the cost of that is prohibitive. (You can get to higher orbits, because you can launch north or south of due east. It costs you some cargo capacity, since it takes more fuel, but you can do it.) Since the Shuttle stopped carrying orbital satellites few Shuttle missions have used a 28.5 deg orbit.
Back then, assuming you had an equatorial satellite, you would kick the satellite out just before you reached the equator, and do the apogee burn (to geostationary altitude for example) at the equator. It would still be at a 28.5 deg inclination. Then, when the satellite reached the equator again, after half a revolution, and it was at apogee, they would do the plane change and perigee kick (raising the perigee to the apogee height) at the same time. (Why? Because the satellite will never be going slower, and the change in velocity needed to do the plane change is a function of the speed of the satellite -- the slower you are going, the less fuel is needed.
Most of the later flights have been a lot higher. Any going to the ISS (like this flight) are at 51.6 deg - because that is the latitude of the Russian launch complex in Khazakstan. They cannot get into a shallower orbit than that. At 51.6, Halifax is a great alternate site. You can dump energy to get there (and to land on this side of the pond on a launch abort you need to dump a lot of energy)
The last 28.5 mission was STS-109 in March 2002. That was kind of an anachronistic mission because it was a Hubble Telescope servicing mission. Hubble got place in a 28.5 deg orbit wa-a-ay back in 1990. The last non-Hubble mission at 28.5 was STS-93 in July 1999 -- which launched the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. Most missions since about 1995 have been to 51.6 or 57 degee inclination orbits, although a few -- including STS-107 were in 39 degee inclination orbits.
57 degrees is about the highest inclination that you can launch a Shuttle without it going over land during the first stage (pre-SRB sep). At 57, you have to abort to Britain or Germany.
And NASA added a one in France. Did one close, that is, were there three (3) in Spain at one time?
That dingbat woman commander didn't want to even try Florida, she preferred the long and wide lake bed at Edwards.
That dingbat woman commander didn't want to even try Florida, she preferred the long and wide lake bed at Edwards.
.........................
So would I with that big piece of metal they call a glider.
IIRC, she was a Galaxy pilot.
I wish I knew...when I deployed to Spain last year, the base I was at (Moron) was doing all sorts of drills for the launch. We were out of the picture about 2 minutes into the flight, IIRC.
With respect:
My first flying instructor was a woman pilot. Her job during WWII was ferry flying new fighter aircraft from Canada to Britain.
She was a bloody good pilot and a very gutsy lady.
The final decision in any flight rests with the pilot in command and I would not presume to second-guess the pilot in command when it comes to a safety issue. A fortiori if the second-guessing involves considerations of the pilot's gender.
I would assume that NASA's decision as to the selection of pilot-in-command was based on due diligence and had more to do with her competence than her gender.
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Rick has the system you deplore. I watched his last event from Hwy 58.
I guess we are stuck with upgrades to our current system until we have the "hiper-drives" and "beam-me-uppers.
Mother Gravity is a bitch!
And to show I'm not a chauvinist, I changed from watching the Tuesday's launch on FNC to C-SPAN
because of the male commentator astronaut exhaling more environmental platitudes.
My question is how would they get it out of a shorter field? I would imagine that the 747 that they piggy back the Shuttle on has a long take off roll. But then again, it has to land in one piece before they worry about piggy backing it.
Correct me if i'm wrong, but isn't CFB Cold Bay and the former RCAF airbase in Val d'Or in Quebec also Shuttle contingency landing sites?
Please send me a FReepmail to get on or off this Canada ping list.
Here's a link to the Halifax Int'l Airport site with the story of 9-11 as it unfolded.
http://www.hiaa.ca/default.asp?mn=70.1.77
Nova Scotia is a beautiful place. My wife and I visited her cousin & husband in 2002 in Halifax.
He is actually a Conservative newspaper editor/columnist for the Chronicle Herald.
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