Posted on 10/28/2007 11:01:20 AM PDT by J Aguilar
Norberto Bobbio was an Italian philosopher of law and historian born in 1909, who died in January 2004. Member of the anti-fascist resistance, he was jailed by Mussolini during the Second World War. Ideologically, he was a [classic] liberal socialist, staunch defender of the Rule of Law and the Separation of Powers. He was appointed senator for life in 1979 by the Italian president Sandro Pertini, Bobbio was in its time one of the most fervent supporters of the “historic commitment” between the Communist Party and the Christian Democrats, and in the last stage of his life he was also one of the most ferocious critics of Silvio Berlusconi.
In his work “The Future of Democracy” (1984), which was published in the United States under the descriptive subtitle of “A Defence of the Rules of the Game”, Norberto Bobbio analyzes with simplicity various problems that, according to his judgement, face present democracies. One of the parts carries the suggestive title of “Democracy and the Invisible Power” and there is a very relevant quote that I want to reproduce here.
In this passage, Bobbio makes reference to the attack at Piazza Fontana that happened in Milan on December 12th, 1969. The attack, in which 16 people were killed and 90 wounded, was carried out by far right groups that had connections (which were never clarified) with the Italian secret services. The original intention was that the attack were attributed to anarchist elements, as it happened.
Motivated by the attack, many detentions of anarchists were performed. One of them (Giuseppe Pinelli) died when he fell from the fourth storey of a police precinct when he was giving testimony. Another anarchist, Pietro Valpreda, remained provisionally in prison for three years, before being released when the investigations focused on members of neofascist groups. Thirty eight years after the massacre, the judicial issues of the case are not closed yet and it is still unknown what it happened.
This is the passage that Norberto Bobbio wrote fifteen years after the attack:
I call “cryptogovernment” to the set of facts or actions carried out by subversive political powers that act in the shadow in connection with the secret services or a part of these or, at least, they are not hindered by them. The first episode of this kind in the recent history of Italy was undoubtedly the massacre of Piazza Fontana. Despite of the long judicial process that was developed in various stages and directions, the mystery has not been solved, the truth has not been uncovered, the darkness has not been cleared… I do not make conjectures; I do not advance any hypothesis. I limit myself to recall the suspicion left when the procedure was closed, that the secret of State was used to protect the secret of the anti-State. I move up to the massacre of Piazza Fontana… because the degeneration of the Italian democratic system began there, that is, at the moment that an “arcanum”, in the most appropriated sense of the term, entered, unexpected and unpredictable, in the Italian collective life, transformed it, and was followed by episodes no less serious that were also left in the darkness. Most people have a weak memory when it is not about their own wounds. However, it must be someone that assumes the task of represent the collective memory and, therefore, do not overlook anything that helps us to understand.
The attack at Piazza Fontana was never clarified, and because of that, similar attacks followed, as the one at Piazza della Loggia or the attack against the Bologna train station, in which 85 people died and above 200 were wounded. In the trial of this last attack were convicted two members of the far right for the massacre and were also convicted two members of the Italian secret service and Licio Gelli, the head of the P2 lodge, for fabricating evidence.
Will Spain follow the same path, that path of the protection of the anti-State that Bobbio denounced? The answer, on October 31st.
[On October 31st the sentence of the 3/11 trial will be made public.]
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By J Aguilar,
I remember, in the morning of 3/11 -three days before the National Elections- the comment of an acquaintance when he was informed of what had happened at Atocha and neighbouring stations. He said something that could be translated as this: So, the real problems of Spain are never tackled.
It is something increasingly striking for the Spanish people that, on the media or politics, their problems: unemployment, low wages, high prices, crime, immigration, impossibility of buying a home, low quality of public education and the ineffectiveness of the third branch, among others, are always left in a second term whilst the focus is kept on issues regarding the complains of Basque and Catalonian Nationalists, ETA’s Sturm Abteilungen burning buses in San Sebastian or a store of a PP member in Navarre, a cell of that terrorist group blowing up the car of a politician bodyguard or also the dogfight to control the Spanish Supreme Court in order to pass a separatist Catalonian regional constitution, which was voted in a referendum with a participation of less than the 50% of the voters of that region.
This that is going on in Spain happens in no other [developed] country -told me another acquaintance a few weeks ago. And I think she was right. I think that even the average citizen is noticing that our society is being constantly cowed through tension.
Isn’t all this strategy of tension, such as the one Italy suffered between 1969 and 1980, during the so-called lead years, designed to impose over the Spanish people someone’s hidden agenda? Isn’t ETA a useful tool in such strategy? Isn’t that the reason that ETA keeps operating, whilst all the other terrorist groups of Western Europe are over? Isn't ETA some kind of shepherd's wolf?
Isn’t it true that the same tactics allegedly applied in Italy during the 1970’s by the Secret Services and the 962 alleged members of P2 -among them, Silvio Berlusconi-, have been applied to Spain during the last thirty years? Isn’t it true that Aznar dared to challenge it, he cornered ETA twice and was defusing the regional Nationalisms and that was the reason why the Popular Party had to lose urgently the National Elections? No tension, no cash, isn't it?
Many Spaniards have realized no matter amusements such as AlQaeda of Lavapies or the Gay Marriage, that we are moving in circles, with the regional Nationalists and allies always setting the agenda, whilst our truly problems are left aside, that this is not happening in any other so-called democracy, and that the assassination of 200 people on 3/11 is a false flag operation that was carried out because things had begun to change and that made very nervous our Spanish Version of Licio Gelli’s and his 962 henchmen.
A summary of some of the links:
Piazza Fontana bombing
Piazza della Loggia bombing
Bologna Train Station Bombing
More on Bologna Train Station Bombing
Strategy of Tension
False flag operation
Propaganda Due (P2)
Licio Gelli, maestro venerabile di Propaganda Due (headmaster of P2). Check his profile: formed in the Fascist party, moved to Intelligence, many important contacts in Italy and abroad, businessman... above all, a merchant of information with absolute disregard for democracy. A scaled-down version of this profile has already appeared in the 3/11 independent investigations. Do you remember his name?
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More 3/11 here:
Search @ Freerep
An introduction to the case: Spain’s “Terrorgate”? by Frank J. Gaffney Jr.
More data on 3/11 in Spanish here:
Luis del Pino's blog
Kickjor's blog
The latest Luis del Pino TV program on the case here @ LDTV
CHRONOLOGIC SUMMARY:
1. Well, well, well, what have we here? by Dan Darling (4/5/2005)
2. What I think I know about Huarte by Dan Darling (4/14/2005)
3. Spain’s “Terrorgate”? by Frank J. Gaffney Jr. (5/18/2005)
4. The Mystery of 3/11 - Part 1
5. The Mystery of 3/11 - Part 2
6. The Mystery of 3/11 - Part 3
7. The Overlapping Plots by Luis del Pino, Chapter 1 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M (translation Rojo4).
8.Did Al-Qaeda participate in the 11-M bombings? by Luis del Pino, Chapter 2 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M (translation Rojo4).
9. 3/11 Revisited - Part 1, based on Luis del Pino's book Los Enigmas del 11-M, Chapter 11.
10. The Amazing Life and Death of Jamal Ahmidan (I) by Luis del Pino, Chapter 12 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M, translation and title by J Aguilar (10/5/2005)
11.Trashorras talks to EL MUNDO by Fernando Múgica, EL MUNDO newspaper.
12.Lavandera talks to EL MUNDO
13.Did ETA pay the Jihad? (9/15/2006)
14.The Battle Rages (10/4/2006)
15.ETA Provided False Identifications to the Islamic Terrorists that Attacked the WTC in 1993 by Javier Oyarzábal to City FM radio (10/17/2006)
16.The Scientific Police Had No Access During Hours to the Bodies of the “Suicides” of Leganés (10/17/2006)
17.What the Mass Media Does Not Dare to Tell (11/10/2006)
18.The Explosive Used in the Massacre is Still Unknown by Casimiro García-Abadillo to EL MUNDO newspaper (11/20/2006)
19.Police Officers Investigated on Explosives Trafficking in Madrid by Fernando Lázaro, EL MUNDO newspaper (11/30/2006)
20.Informer Farssaoui Denounces Spanish Police Officers (12/4/2006)
21.Interview with the Investigator and Journalist Luis del Pino by Jorge Hernández to Tribuna de Salamanca newspaper (12/8/2006)
23.Let It Snow by Luis del Pino (12/23/2006)
24.ETA Used Hexogen in the Bombing of Barajas Airport
25.Between Extreme Incompetence and Conspiracy to Obstruct the Action of Justice
27.What the Mass Media Does Not Dare to Tell (II)
28.Three Years On: the Eighth Suicide Gives Testimony before the Court
29.Interview with the Jihadist by Ali Lmrabet to EL MUNDO newspaper (5/25/2005, put into context in 2/2007)
30.Wasn't it ETA? (4/1/2007)
31.-Who Really Lied (4/16/2007)
32.-Experts Will Ask for Authorization for the Exhumation of Corpses (4/30/2007)
33.-The Incompetence Theory (5/20/2007)
34.-EL MUNDO finishes off the Official Version (6/3/2007)
35.-ETA Ends the So-Called “Cease Fire” Tonight (6/5/2007)
36.-Calls from the Dead (7/20/2007)
37.- More Hot Air (And More, And More...) (7/29/2007)
38.-Police Chatting with Suspects and Their Relatives Hidden to the Judge (8/6/2007)
40.-Mahmoud Slimane Released From Prison
41.-The Disinformation Campaign (9/18/2007)
42.-Bikers and Jews (10/4/2007)
43.-The Spanish Supreme Court, Stormed (10/23/2007)
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SUMMARY OF ARTICLES BY THEME:
0. An Introduction to the Case:
Spain’s “Terrorgate”? by Frank J. Gaffney Jr. (5/18/2005)
1. The Alleged Conception of the Coup:
Spain Acquits Sept 11 Suspect of Conspiracy Charge
2. The Previous Disinformation Campaign:
The Disinformation Campaign (9/18/2007)
3. The Attack Itself:
4. The Cover-Up
4.1. Cover-Up Regarding The Explosives
The Explosive Used in the Massacre is Still Unknown
Between Extreme Incompetence and Conspiracy to Obstruct the Action of Justice
4.2. The Building of an Alternative Version Blaming Islamists
4.2.1 Alleged Fabricated Evidence Planted to Divert the Investigations
Police Officers Investigated on Explosives Trafficking in Madrid by Fernando Lázaro, EL MUNDO newspaper (11/30/2006)
4.2.2 The Big Lie Began to Be Inoculated
Who Really Lied (4/16/2007)
4.2.3 Alleged New Source of the New Explosives
Trashorras talks to EL MUNDO by Fernando Múgica, EL MUNDO newspaper.
4.2.4 Alleged Transport of the New Explosives to Madrid
The Amazing Life and Death of Jamal Ahmidan (I) by Luis del Pino, Chapter 12 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M, translation and title by J Aguilar (10/5/2005)
Let It Snow by Luis del Pino (12/23/2006)
4.2.5 How the Usual Suspects were framed using SIM cards and mobile phones
More Hot Air (And More, And More...) (7/29/2007)
Police Chatting with Suspects and Their Relatives Hidden to the Judge
4.2.6 How the Usual Suspects were also framed using Police Informers
Informer Farssaoui Denounces Spanish Police Officers (12/4/2006)
Between Extreme Incompetence and Conspiracy to Obstruct the Action of Justice
Three Years On: the Eighth Suicide Gives Testimony before the Court
4.2.7 Other Ways the Usual Suspects Were Framed
4.3 The Cleaning Operation
The Scientific Police Had No Access During Hours to the Bodies of the “Suicides” of Leganés (10/17/2006)
5. There is a New Guy in Town
The Overlapping Plots by Luis del Pino, Chapter 1 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M (translation Rojo4).
Did Al-Qaeda participate in the 11-M bombings? by Luis del Pino, Chapter 2 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M (translation Rojo4).
3/11 Revisited - Part 1, based on Luis del Pino's book Los Enigmas del 11-M, Chapter 11.
The Amazing Life and Death of Jamal Ahmidan (I) by Luis del Pino, Chapter 12 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M, translation and title by J Aguilar (10/5/2005)
Let's Talk About Al Qaeda by Luis del Pino, Chapter 13 of his book Los Enigmas del 11-M.
Interview with the Investigator and Journalist Luis del Pino by Jorge Hernández to Tribuna de Salamanca newspaper (12/8/2006)
6. The Smoke Screen Begins to Fall
6.1. The Boric Acid Case
Did ETA pay the Jihad? (9/15/2006)
The Battle Rages (10/4/2006)
What the Mass Media Does Not Dare to Tell (11/10/2006)
6.2. It wasn't Goma-2 ECO
What the Mass Media Does Not Dare to Tell (II)
Experts Will Ask for Authorization for the Exhumation of Corpses (4/30/2007)
The Incompetence Theory (5/20/2007)
6.3. It wasn't Goma-2 EC either
However, the dispute over who done it sounds familiar.
Isn't ETA some kind of shepherd's wolf? . . . No tension, no cash.
Sounds familiar. Some argue the same here in the good ol' U.S. The Left denies that a threat exists, it's all the military-industrial comlex doing it -- or, maybe Halliburton stirring up opportunities to make billions. Or perhaps the CFR is behind it all.
Even Turkey is accused of sponsoring the PKK just to have an excuse to stir things up.
Anyone who listens to the most popular all-night radio show hears regular guests confidently reporting that U.S. black ops is going to explode a nuke in a U.S. city and blame Iran. It's pretty much a given on that show that Bush "took down the Towers," at least among the majority of the guests -- Corsi and Lance are just about the only guests who say that it was radical Islam acting on their own.
Randi Rhodes walks into a bar and says, "Ouch!"
Her injuries are blamed on rightwing thugs.
It's leftist nuttiness / Soviet-style disinformation - all part of the deconstructionists / Leftist decades-old dream to "Bring it all down, man."
IMO.
BTW anyone, what would be Spanish for the name, Alex Jones?
btt
Thank you for your compliment! Seriously, it is scary how the dynamics of that earlier time and place fit Spain today.
The Left manipulating the Spanish State through their pawn ETA. In this day of mass communication it could certainly work. My only prescription would be to continue the spread of information and investigation you 3/11 bloggers are doing-and as far and wide as you can. You all may be the last hope for the democracy that I saw painfully reborn almost 3 decades ago.
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