Rudy Giuliani likes to take credit for the transformation of the city's Times Square.
But some say the cleanup was the result of years of urban planning.
Posted on 12/28/2007 4:13:08 PM PST by jdm
Times Square is crammed with tourists, and not just for New Year's Eve. These days, they're eager to gawk at the glittering lights of Broadway and visit attractions like Madame Tussauds Wax Museum and the MTV studios.
But 15 years ago, the place was considered a cesspool, overrun with crime and home to sex shops and peep shows. Drug addicts shot up on the street. Locals avoided the neighborhood.
The man who has taken the credit for revitalizing Times Square is GOP presidential hopeful and former Mayor Rudy Giuliani. He has made Times Square a symbol for how he tamed the evils of an out-of-control city and turned it into a tourist-friendly destination.
"It's called getting things done," he said at a fundraiser this year.
It's not that clear-cut, a closer examination of the Times Square renaissance shows.
While even his critics will say Giuliani deserves praise for his part in redevelopment of the area, the finished product was the culmination of decades of work that came before he was elected, according to lawmakers and urban planners.
"State agencies had plans in place to develop 42nd Street well before Giuliani," said Ethel Sheffer, an urban planning expert who led a quality-of-life study on Times Square during the redevelopment. Any large-scale redevelopment "takes a long time to unfold," she said.
The Times Square plan was in the works during the 1980s, when state officials and then-Mayor Ed Koch used eminent domain to condemn and take control of decrepit buildings.
But there was no legal way to control businesses until the City Council initiated a study during the administration of David Dinkins, who preceded Giuliani as mayor, that would allow them to pass rezoning laws if they could prove sex businesses were harming residential areas.
Walter McCaffrey, a former City Council member, said the idea to rezone wasn't even related to Times Square at first. It started with a neighborhood in Queens near the Queensboro Bridge that had suffered when topless bars and porn shops moved in. After the study, the City Council drew up stricter zoning laws that prohibited sex-oriented theaters, bookstores, massage parlors and dance clubs from operating within 500 feet of homes, houses of worship, schools or one another.
The law passed in 1995 - about two years after Giuliani took office.
By this time, the area was already changing, urban planning experts say. The paced quickened after the legal challenges to the zoning laws were defeated and Giuliani bore down.
Says Charles Millard, a former City Councilman and head of the city's Economic Development Corp: "I drafted the law that allowed us to do this constitutionally when David Dinkins was mayor, but until Rudy became mayor and pushed it through his planning commission, and pushed it through the city, not a thing had happened."
Others say Giuliani was in the right place at the right time, as the economy boomed in the 1990s and shifted toward tourism, real estate and Wall Street. The proliferation of Internet porn also made many sex shops obsolete.
"It was kind of like a perfect storm for him," said Arturo Ignacio Sanchez, a City and Regional Planning professor at Cornell University. The process started with Koch, picked up speed under Dinkins and really accelerated under Giuliani, he said, adding: "It fast forwards with warp speed under Bloomberg, and you have the city today."
Times Square has always lived a double life - even a century ago the 10-block stretch of busy Midtown streets was home to upscale splendor as well as hidden brothels and fetid hotels. With the invention of neon and the rise of Broadway shows, the area slowly became the entertainment center of the city.
But by the time Giuliani took office, the area had fallen into decline. In 1993, nearly 4,000 incidents of crime were reported in the area, according to the Times Square Alliance, a business group.
Part of the revival was the arrival of upscale hotels, theme stores and restaurants - businesses that Giuliani helped lure with a private-public team of developers.
Disney received a low-interest loan from the city to give a facelift to the New Amsterdam Theater on 42nd Street, considered by some to be the crown jewel of the new Times Square. The renovated theater soon drew in other businesses, such as MTV, ESPN and other media companies.
Giuliani talks on the campaign trail about the eradication of porn shops from Times Square and about declining crime rates during his tenure.
"It didn't happen by accident, it didn't happen by wishing they went away," Giuliani said in a speech in October. "It happened based on a very well-organized campaign, a study demonstrating the impact of pornography on neighborhoods, an intense battle in court that nobody thought we would win, and we won. And most importantly, the pornographers lost and they were chased out of Times Square."
There are still some sex shops in Times Square, but the majority of them disappeared long ago. Some simply relocated.
Former City Councilman Thomas Duane was among the few who voted against the rezoning laws in the 1990s, in part because he was not eager to see the sex shops simply switch neighborhoods.
"He didn't get rid of them from New York City, he dispersed them from Times Square, mostly to the industrial waterfront areas of the city," Duane said of Giuliani.
"And as Manhattan became a more attractive place to live, people started moving into those communities and now the same problem exists," he said. "It just doesn't exist much where the tourists go."
Bookmark. I’m interested in what knowledgeable FReepers have to say. (I don’t know enough to comment on this.)
Look, I’m a Thompson/Hunter kind of guy, but give credit where credit is due. I saw first hand the turnaround in NYC under Rudy’s watch. I worked and went to school there and the transformation is remarkable.
Take it from someone who knows and lived through it... Rudy deserves most of the credit, along with Bratton... He got rid of squeegee men, folks who committ smaller crimes, cleaned up the city, REFUSED to even meet that scumbag charlatan Sharpton - for 8 years...
Rudy was fantastic for NYC - a Godsend.M
This is nothing more than a hit piece on Rudy, and no doubt, his detractors will jump all over this... FR has become pathetic....
Blast Rudy for other things, but don't pile on a bunch of leftist lies.
ML/NJ
So, what’s your point? Or are you just being ignorant, taking things out of context?
Thanks. :-)
That's the problem. The bureaucrats will spend YEARS studying the problems and avoiding any decisions that might OFFEND someone.
Rudy came in as said "Get it done!". And it was. My support for Rudy is largely based on his refusal to put up with nonsense from public unions and bureaucracies.
Dittos!
Dinkins flatly sucked!
One big example —— the Squeegee guys!
Under Dinkins, one night I was driving through NYC and the Squeegee guys came out when I was stopped at a traffic light. One guy was carrying a tire iron.....so I promptly ran the friggin light and was prepared to tell NYPD why the Hell I ran the light.
Rudy got rid of the Squeegee guys!!!!!
When CBS and AP get together you know the lib slimeliars are at it again. This peiece is a smear and nothing else. They are still afraid of Rudy.
More wishful revisionism from the Friends of David Dinkins...
I can tell you that folks I know, family and friends who either lived or worked in NYC or traveled there for business or shopping, theater, etc. saw a real improvement in the overall quality of life and civility in the city.
Under “General” Dinkins and Koch before him, things had gotten really, really bad and even native New Yorkers were shocked and disgusted - and that’s saying a lot.
The urban planning may have been in the works for a while but investors and tourists won’t come if they are going to be the victims of petty and not so petty crime.
What Giuliani brought to the table was zero tolerance policing. Meaning that petty thieves, panhandlers, squeegee kids (who were very aggressive panhandlers) were going to be arrested, were as before they were largely being ignored.
To his credit, he was a good mayor overall but he won’t get my vote for President. Now if he’d like to come to Baltimore and help us do something about our out of control violent crime and murder rate and get the aggressive panhandlers out of Harbor Place and other restaurant and entertainment areas…..
BUT he has single handedly transformed NYC from a cess pool of crime and anything goes attitude to one of the safest liveable big cities in the world.
sw
I don’t like to quote the Village Voice but this article talks about a lot of things the Mayor did.
http://www.villagevoice.com/news/9835,goldstein,3394,1.html
Agreed. Rudy accomplished a great deal as mayor of New York City—where any change is an uphill battle. That doesn’t mean he should be president but these kinds of attacks are just silly.
Screw Giuliani!
All I can say is that I’ve been to Times Square before and after Giuliani and the difference is remarkable! And it wasn’t years of urban planning. It was much quicker than that.
Funny how the authors of the article quote Tom Duane, the openly gay councilman who fought Giuliani every step of the way in closing down the gay porn shops and peepshows.
Duane claimed that gays were being discriminated against during the peepshow crackdown because they wouldn’t have any place to go once they were shut down.
You would think Duane would be thankful that the shutdown saved thousands of lives because since his compadres weren’t able to spread AIDS anonymously once the shops were closed.
That’s silly.
He ain’t nekkid.
;^)
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