Film details Hispanic Marine's acts in WWII (Marine Pfc. Guy Gabaldon)

AP on Yahoo ^ | 5/3/08 | Adrian Sanz - ap

[NormsRevenge]

MIAMI - Armed but alone, Marine Pfc. Guy Gabaldon roamed Saipan's caves and pillboxes, persuading enemy soldiers and civilians to surrender during the hellish World War II battle on the island.

Using the Japanese language skills he learned as a boy, he warned the Japanese they would die if they stayed hidden and told them Marines were not torturers as they had heard. The Marines, he said, would feed them and give them medical care. Many agreed, and Gabaldon, just 18, led them back to U.S. lines.

By the battle's end, Gabaldon had coaxed more than 1,000 Japanese out of the steamy caves. He was praised as being brave and compassionate, and he received a Silver Star — later upgraded to a Navy Cross. His actions were recounted on television and in movies.

Now, almost two years after his death, there is a renewed campaign to give Gabaldon the Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award. A new documentary, "East L.A. Marine," asks whether Gabaldon's Hispanic heritage prevented him from receiving the medal, though others blame his tough and outspoken nature.

Critics question whether Gabaldon deserves the medal, saying his feats do not measure up to those of others on Saipan.

"It's a much bigger issue than any of us realize," said Steve Rubin, who directed the documentary, which will be available online May 6. "Guy is a symbol not only of a hero in war, but a man who treated people humanely. He killed people, sure, but having grown up essentially as a Japanese, he treated them as human beings."

___

Growing up in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, Gabaldon became close with a Japanese-American family and made friends with Japanese boys. He also picked up the language as he delivered Japanese newspapers and picked crops with Japanese-Americans.

After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, more than 100,000 people of Japanese heritage, including Gabaldon's friends, were sent to internment camps.

"He got very upset when the government put the Japanese in concentration camps," said his second wife, Ohana Gabaldon, who lives in Old Town in central Florida.

Gabaldon joined the Marines in 1943, becoming a scout observer and interpreter, and hit the shore of Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands on June 15, 1944.

Combat was often in close quarters in jungles and caves, and more than 3,200 Americans and 23,800 Japanese were killed, according to a 1994 Marine Corps pamphlet, "Breaching the Marianas: The Battle for Saipan."

Civilians, some prisoners of Japanese soldiers, hid in caves. They included women and children, and were hungry and suffering from shell shock, leprosy, dengue fever. Fearing the Americans, Japanese civilians blew themselves up with grenades or jumped off cliffs.

___

Gabaldon did his share of killing, but one day he ventured alone behind enemy lines and brought back a group of Japanese prisoners. Gabaldon was scolded by his commander, Col. John Schwabe, but went out alone again and returned with more Japanese.

Satisfied, Schwabe let Gabaldon continue.

"He would go up to the mouth of that cave and jabber, jabber, jabber, and pretty soon somebody would dribble out," Schwabe said in the documentary.

Eventually, Gabaldon had rounded up 1,000 to 1,500 Japanese — including a purported 800 in one day.

"Through his efforts, a definite humane treatment of civilian prisoners was insured," according to a Marine Corps document detailing Gabaldon's credentials for a Silver Star.

Interviewed in the documentary, Gabaldon discussed his motivation.

"Being raised in the barrio, every day is a fight," Gabaldon said. "You're fighting to survive in the barrio and I think that might have had something to do with my personality, my makeup. I knew I was doing something that had never been done in World War II."

Gabaldon was wounded in January 1945 and evacuated to a hospital, according to the document provided by the Marine Corps History Division.

Schwabe said in a 1960 letter that there was confusion after Saipan over who was responsible for recommending Gabaldon for the Medal of Honor.

___

In June 1957, he was featured on the TV show "This is Your Life." Two Japanese friends also appeared.

In 1960, "Hell to Eternity" was released, starring Jeffrey Hunter, who clearly was not Hispanic and at 6 feet tall looked nothing like 5-foot, 4-inch Gabaldon.

"That part of him is completely obliterated ... people who are familiar with this issue are really appalled by that," said Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez, a University of Texas journalism professor who interviewed Gabaldon and hundreds of other men and women of the World War II generation.

However, the film started a push for the Medal of Honor and Schwabe officially recommended him for the honor. In December 1960, the Pentagon upgraded Gabaldon's Silver Star to a Navy Cross, but the Medal of Honor never came.

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Gabaldon, who eventually settled in Florida, suffered a stroke in the late 1990s but never mellowed or abandoned his love for fishing and other adventures, his wife said. He died in September 2006 at age 80.

Gabaldon's wife said he talked about racism he experienced as a serviceman. But Gabaldon never lost his love for the Marines: "He was a Marine first, and then Guy," Ohana Gabaldon said.

However, he was hurt that he never learned why he hadn't gotten the Medal of Honor, leading him and others to wonder whether his ethnicity played a part, his wife said.

"Nobody came up with the truth," Ohana Gabaldon said. "I guess what Guy wanted to hear from the Marine Corps is that `We goofed.' He told me he wasn't going to see the Medal of Honor in his lifetime."

___

The documentary compares Gabaldon's exploits to others who did win the Medal of Honor, such as the Army's Audie Murphy, the most decorated soldier in World War II.

In the film, narrator Freddie Prinze Jr. asks: "What caused this inequity? Was it because Guy Gabaldon was of Hispanic heritage? Was it because he had a big mouth and wasn't afraid to say what he felt?"

University of the South professor Harold J. Goldberg said in his book "D-Day in the Pacific: The Battle of Saipan" that some Marines estimated that Gabaldon captured only about half of the number he claimed.

Marine Sgt. David Dowdakin said in the book that while Gabaldon had advocates, "the rest of us think he is an importuning glory seeker who is playing the race card. But, then, the two traits often go together: bravery and glory seeking."

Capt. Amy Malugani, a Marines spokeswoman, said in an e-mail to The Associated Press that the Marines are precluded from discussing whether any individual has been recommended for a medal.

But Malugani also said the Secretary of the Navy is reviewing of the service records of each Jewish and Hispanic-American veteran who won the Navy Cross for actions during World War II, the Korean and Vietnam wars, and Operation Desert Storm, to determine if any should be awarded the Medal of Honor.

Gabaldon's widow said politics could be involved in the decision.

"We're becoming not so much a minority anymore," said Ohana Gabaldon, who is of Japanese and Mexican descent. "Maybe this is the time that the Latino vote counts, what Washington cares about so much.

"They can take the opportunity to right a wrong and be aware of what Latinos have done for this country."

[NormsRevenge]

This undated photo provided by Ohana Gabaldon, shows former U.S. Marine Pfc. Guy Gabaldon. Born March 22, 1926, in Los Angeles, Gabaldon, as an 18-year-old Marine private single-handedly persuaded more than 1,000 Japanese soldiers to surrender in the World War II battle for Saipan, Now, more than 60 years after Saipan and almost two years after his death, a campaign has been launched to persuade U.S. officials to give Gabaldon the Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award. (AP Photo/Courtesy of Ohana Gabaldon)

[NormsRevenge]

This undated photo provided by Ohana Gabaldon shows U.S. Marines' Guy Gabaldon, right, and James Gilmer, left, with a captured Japanese soldier, somewhere in the Pacific during World War II. Gabaldon was hailed a hero for capturing more than 1,000 Japanese during the bloody battle for Saipan in 1944. Now, more than 60 years after Saipan and almost two years after his death, a campaign has been launched to persuade U.S. officials to give Gabaldon the Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award. (AP Photo/Courtesy of Ohana Gabaldon)

[The KG9 Kid]

I don't know if it rises higher than the Navy Cross, but that it one heavenly humanitarian thing he did.

Semper Fi, Guy Gabaldon.

[Keith Brown]

Oooh Rah!

[submarinerswife]

Amazing story but why does his ethnicity need to be included in the title?

Is he more or less of an amazing Marine because he is Hispanic?

[NormsRevenge]

posted as found.. I hear ya on the title...

I booted and served with quite a few of many origins and such. All Marines still bleed red and salute the Red White and Blue.

and I agree, it is an amazing story,, one’s humanity need not end because one dons a uniform and bears arms.

[skimask]

Both of my parents knew and grew up in the same neighborhood as Guy.

[NormsRevenge]

Boyle Heights, a true melting pot. not sure if it is still true today. I know gangs have been a problem for years.

[truth_seeker]

“Both of my parents knew and grew up in the same neighborhood as Guy.”

I used to work with a Japanese American guy, who grew up somewhere in East LA, spoke Spanish, and had a Mexican gang tatoo on his hand—old school.

He was in the Navy during Vietnam, went to USC, became a CPA and business executive—and still had that tatoo on his hand in the web between his thumb and first finger.

Sort of funny. He stood about 5’ 1” and was fearless.

[The KG9 Kid]

There have been several instances in the last few years of soldiers, sailors, and Marines receiving upgraded awards (often posthumously) from action in WWII.

So far, all have not been Caucasian; Japanese ancestry, Navajo Code-talkers, so on. I don't think it's a coincidence. I think the President has said the same thing in giving these overdue awards. Many of the citations I've read are astounding to the point of that I cannot believe that they were awarded the lower medal back in the 1940s. The excuses have lately been 'clerical error'.

So, yes, I think it's not irrelevant to mention the ethnicity of those awarded in some cases.

[redstateconfidential]

I think Clint Eastwood could have better spent his money on this story than trying to rewrite propaganda for the Japanese in WW2.

[Rudder]

The guy’s a dead ringer for Jeffry Hunter.

[LZ_Bayonet]

I'm intrigued by his appearance on "This is Your Life", especially so soon after the War. At that time there would have been common knowledge that in that battle and others, "Uncommon valor was a common virtue".

There was no cable, only three networks, and to be featured on that show was a really big deal at the time. It wasn't just an "award" show, it was a more detailed statement of the person's life, with those involved in attendance on stage. Just for him to be featured on that show, at that time, makes quite a statement on his behalf.

[Nailbiter]

ping

[JimC214]

Guy Gabaldon was an out spoken critic of illegal immigration. He was also a devout Christian. 2 things left out of the article.

[JimC214]

Guy Gabaldon was an out spoken critic of illegal immigration. He was also a devout Christian. 2 things left out of the article.

[E-2-11]

From a former marine ethnicity had nothing to do with Guy's getting the Medal of Honor. I was taught no marine had ever won the medal except posthumously! My personal opinion is Guy should have gotten it considering Sgt York got it for something like only 132 prisoners. I say he was not put in for it simply because he was a marine, and the marine tradition!

[JimC214]

Well being a former Marine myself, I never heard you had to be killed in action for the Award as John Basilone and Dan Daily and Major Butler and Pappy Boyington and Joe Foss and a few others were awarded the MOH and weren’t killed doing it.