Posted on 11/15/2010 6:33:10 AM PST by Wolfie
Coke smugglers buy old jets to fly across Atlantic
Federal investigators are piecing together details of an audacious new trend in drug smuggling: South American gangs are buying old jets, stuffing them full of cocaine and flying them across the Atlantic to feed Europe's growing coke habit.
At least three gangs have struck deals to fly drugs to West Africa and from there to Europe, according to U.S. indictments. One trafficker claimed he already had six aircraft flying. Another said he was managing five airplanes. Because there is no radar coverage over the ocean, big planes can cross the Atlantic virtually undetected.
"The sky's the limit," one Sierra Leone trafficker boasted to a Drug Enforcement Administration informant, according to court documents.
The new air route is remarkable because of the distances involved and the complexity of flying big jets, said Scott Decker, a criminology professor at Arizona State University who studies smuggling methods. A trip from Venezuela to West Africa is about 3,400 miles — about triple the distance to Florida.
The U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime began warning about trans-Atlantic drug planes after Nov. 2, 2009, when a burned-out Boeing 727 was found in the desert in Mali. Drug smugglers had flown the jet from Venezuela, unloaded it and then torched the aircraft, investigators said.
In some cases, executive jets have been used, including a Gulfstream II that landed in Guinea-Bissau in 2008 and another Gulfstream seized in 2007 as it tried to depart Venezuela for Sierra Leone.
In the last year, a flurry of arrests has begun shedding light on how the air routes work. The cases are being prosecuted in a New York federal court because some of the cocaine was supposed to have been sent to the United States.
"The quantity of cocaine distributed and the means employed to distribute it were extraordinary," prosecutors wrote in one case. They warned of a conspiracy to "spread vast quantities of cocaine throughout the world by way of cargo airplanes."
In some ways it is a throwback to the 1970s and '80s, when drug pilots flew freely between Colombia and staging areas near the U.S. border, Decker said. Back then, drug lords such as Amado Carrillo, nicknamed The Lord of the Skies, sent jets with as much as 15 tons of cocaine from Colombia to northern Mexico.
Recent U.S. court cases involving trans-Atlantic flights include:
— The Valencia-Arbelaez Organization, broken up by undercover U.S. agents after it bought a $2 million plane to run monthly flights between Venezuela and Guinea. The group claimed to have six aircraft already flying between South America and West Africa.
— A ring based in Colombia and Liberia, arrested after one of its planes was seized in May with two tons of cocaine as it prepared to leave Venezuela. Prosecutors say the group was planning to fly jets twice a month. One defendant claimed to manage five other aircraft making similar hauls.
— Three Sierra Leone men, accused of scouting out airstrips and arranging for a four-ton flight of cocaine from South America in March.
Two other recent cases have involved cocaine and cargo jets, though investigators have not revealed yet whether the flights were going to Africa:
— Francisco Gonzalez Uribe, a Colombian trafficker due to be sentenced this month. Gonzalez Uribe was recorded while trying to purchase large aircraft including a DC-8, a four-engine jet.
— Walid Makled-Garcia, who prosecutors say controlled airstrips in Venezuela used to launch drug flights. Prosecutors say Makled-Garcia was behind one of the biggest drug plane shipments in recent years: a DC-9 that landed in Mexico in 2006 with more than 12,300 pounds of cocaine on board.
All five cases are being prosecuted in a federal court in Manhattan.
Several factors have made trans-Atlantic air routes more attractive, said Carlos Moreno, an expert on trafficking at Icesi University in Cali, Colombia.
Cocaine use has been rising over the last decade in Europe, unlike the United States, where it has remained flat, he said. Meanwhile, better radar coverage has made it harder to move cocaine to the United States.
"Going that way, especially from South America, really gets you outside the majority of the security envelope for air traffic," said Decker, the criminology professor.
Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez's decision to sever ties with most U.S. law enforcement agencies in 2005 has made it easier to bring cocaine to staging sites on the Venezuelan coast, said Vanda Felbab-Brown, a fellow at The Brookings Institution, a Washington think tank.
"The DEA is not present there, the Venezuelan military is making money off it, and much of the territory is just not controlled by the government," Felbab-Brown said.
The global economic slump has also idled hundreds of cargo jets, which can be bought cheaply. Ads on websites such as Planemart.com offer DC-8s for as low as $275,000.
The cases show the extraordinary lengths that traffickers are going to exploit the new air routes. The Valencia-Arbelaez gang used detailed spreadsheets to compute flight costs and distributed codebooks to conceal their plans.
Planning sessions were held in Denmark, Spain, Romania and a Best Western hotel in Manhattan. At one meeting the gang's leader, Jesus Eduardo Valencia-Arbalaez, sketched a map of West Africa showing points where the drugs would be delivered.
Fuel and pilots were paid for through wire transfers, suitcases filled with cash and, in one case, a bag of $356,000 in euros left at a hotel bar. The gang hired a Russian crew to move a newly acquired plane from Moldova to Romania, and then to Guinea.
Most of the cocaine was destined for Europe, but part of each shipment was supposed to go on to New York.
"I sold airplanes to these people so I knew what was going on," Manuel Silva-Jaramillo, an American aeronautical engineer, told a judge. "I knew that they were bringing the drugs to the United States."
The gang also discussed setting up a methamphetamine lab in Liberia and exporting the drug to Japan and the United States.
The gang had access to a private airfield in Guinea, was considering buying its own airport and had sent a team to explore whether it could send direct flights from Bolivia to West Africa, Valencia-Arbelaez said in recorded conversations. A plane seized in Sierra Leone in July 2008 with 600 kilograms of cocaine belonged to the group, the DEA says.
The European drug market was hugely profitable. Silva-Jaramillo claimed the gang had as much as $82 million in euros stashed in Spain that it needed to launder, according to court documents.
Valencia-Arbelaez pleaded guilty to cocaine trafficking and was sentenced in July to 17 1/2 years in prison. Another conspirator, Javier Caro, received 3 1/2 years. Silva-Jaramillo and two other men have pleaded guilty and are awaiting sentencing.
Drug trafficking is especially dangerous to West Africa because of the corrupting effect it has on already weak governments, Felbab-Brown said.
In the Liberia case, traffickers offered bribes to Fumbah Sirleaf, the head of the Liberian security agency and son of the country's president. Sirleaf was secretly coordinating with the DEA.
The flights were to come from Venezuela and Panama. The ring had already sent aircraft into Liberia, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau, one of the traffickers was recorded saying.
The case has attracted attention in Russia because one of the defendants, Russian pilot Konstantin Yaroshenko, says he was tortured by Liberian police before being handed over to the DEA. He and the other five defendants have denied the charges against them.
The Russian foreign ministry accused the United States of "kidnapping" Yaroshenko and failing to tell the Russian government. Prime Minister Vladimir Putin called his arrest an example of the United States overstepping its bounds. The DEA denies Yaroshenko was abused. The U.S. Department of State said it mistakenly faxed Yaroshenko's arrest notice to the wrong embassy.
And I thought the uae of planes such as DC-3’s to ferry drugs into Florida was impressive
Luckily there are no other risks relating to unidentified people buying old jumbojets and flying them undetected.
The DC-3s to Florida was back in the late seventies/early eighties.
That was then, this is now.
I’ve been reading for a while about the fact that the narcos had recently “discovered” the failed states of West Africa and what a wide open territory it is for well-heeled drug smugglers. What little law enforcement there is can be easily bought. And we all know how Hugo loves FARC and that FARC in fact has taken over parts of Venezuela.
Drugs, like water, seeks the easiest path and will flow through any crack...
Yeah. If you can buy your own airliner, you can skip the hardest part of the trip and not bother with the hijacking.
You mean like the old triangular trade of sugar, rum, and slaves in the 1700’s? Only this time, the planes coming from the US manufactures, which get loaded with drugs in South America, then get loaded with jihadists and explosives in Africa who come back to America?
Love this line: “In some ways it is a throwback to the 1970s and ‘80s, when drug pilots flew freely between Colombia and staging areas near the U.S. border, Decker said.”
Yup, just like Mena, Arkansas. The Bushes were shipping guns down there, and the Clintons were using the empty returning planes to import cocaine into the states. The Bush-Clinton Crime Syndicate, and the beginning of the morass we’re in now with just about EVERYTHING.
There are cases where drug planes meet boats off the coast of the United States, and throw their cargo into the sea, where it is retreived by people on personal watercraft, who tow it back to the “mothership”.
I strongly favor ending the WoD, for exactly the same reasons we repealed the Volstead Act.
—must be reading Frederick Forsythe and updating old ideas-—
u you beat me to it. forsyth just wrote a book with exactly this plot...and the solution.
Huh?
A few mil for a plane makes it dosposable when the cargo is worth tens or hundreds of millions in profit. Fighting against the laws of economics is usually a losing proposition.
They were flying out of hope and texarkana too.
Magnolia AR had a lot of flights late at night also. The planes would land without lights, be downloaded with the engines running and take off.
With a distribution network this large the next step will be online order tracking so you can see where your order is 24/7 and who signed for its delivery :)
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