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Know Your Heresies
www.religion-cults.com ^ | May 2006 | J. Dominguez, M.D.

Posted on 03/04/2007 2:15:29 PM PST by TradicalRC

Christian Heresies Through History

Who is a Heretic?

The greatest "shame" and "glory" of Christianity...Two Kinds of Christianity

The Greatest Love in the Bible

General Outlook of Christian Heresies, Century by Century

- Heresies of the First Century: Simonians of Acts 8, Cerintheians. Judaizers, Circumcisers of Acts 15:1, Nicolaitans of Rev.2:6, The "Synagogue of Satan" of Rev.2:9, The "Throne of Satan" of Rev. 2:13, The "doctrine of Balaam" of Rev.2:14, Nazareans or "Jewish-Christians", Docetism, Gnosticism, Neo-Gnosticism, Agnosticism
- Heresies of the Second Century: Marcionites, Ebionites, Montanism, Monarchians, Tritheism, Modalism, Basidilians, Carpocratians
- Third Century: Tertullianists, Origenists, Manicheans, Millenarians, Novatians
- Fourth Century: Donatists, Arians, Macedonians, Appollinarists, Jovinians, Vigilantians
- Fifth Century: Pelagians, Semipelagians, Nestorians, Predestinarians, Monophysites
- Seventh Century: Paulicians, Monothelites (like Monophysites of the Fifth Century)
- Eighth Century: Iconoclasts, Adoptionists
- Ninth Century: Greek Schism
- Eleven Century: The Great Schism: Orthodox-Roman Catholic.
- Twelfth Century: Petrobrosians, Henricians, Waldenses
- Thirteenth Century: Albiguenses, Fraticelli, Flagellants
- Fourteenth Century: Lollards of John Wycliffe
- Fifteenth Century: Hussites, Moravians, "Church of the Brotherhood", United Brethren
- Sixteenth Century: Protestant Reformation, Lutherans, Zwinglians, Church of England, Calvinism, Anabaptists, Episcopalians, Mennonites, Presbyterians, Puritans, Congregationalism, Huguenots, Reformed Dutch, Unitarians, Socinians
- Seventeenth Century: Baptists, Rosicrucians, Episcopalians, Quakers or Society of Friends, Universalists, Jansenists
- Eighteenth Century: Freemasonry, Shakers-Union Society, Methodists-"Holy Club", Moravians-Church of the Brotherhood-United Brethren, Unitarians, Universalism, Unitarian-Universalist Association
- Nineteenth Century: Mormons, Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, Spiritualistic Churches, Salvation Army, Ku-Klux-Klan, Christian Science Church, Old Catholics, Modernists, Reformed Churches, Holiness Churches, Church of God, Church of Christ, Church of God in Christ
- Twentieth Century: Pentecostal Movement, Charismatic Renewal, Snake Handlers, Worldwide Church of God, United Christian Evangelistic Association, Moonies-the Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity, National Association of Evangelicals, Wicca, Church of Satan, Church of Scientology, Way International, Church universal and Triumphal, United Unitarian Universalist Association, Fraternity of St. Pius X, Palmar de Troya, Churches for Homosexuals, Children of God, New Age, Peoples Temple of Jim Jones, Branch Davidians WACO

- Philosophies and Religion, the Pillars of Unbelief: Machiavelli, French Revolution, Kant, Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Sartre

Ecumenical Councils, Dogmatic Condemnation of Heresies


TOPICS: Catholic; Mainline Protestant; Orthodox Christian; Theology
KEYWORDS: heresies; heresy
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To: Kolokotronis

Thanks. I'll check it out.


41 posted on 03/04/2007 4:49:41 PM PST by TradicalRC ("...this present Constitution, which will be valid henceforth, now, and forever..."-Pope St. Pius V)
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To: TradicalRC
Here are some links on FR more in keeping with your original post.!

Know Your Heresies

The Rev. John Piper: an interesting look at "heresy vs. schism"

Pietism as an Ecclesiological Heresy

Heresy

Arian Heresy Still Tempts, Says Cardinal Bertone (Mentions Pelagianism As Well)

Catholic Discussion] Church group stays faithful (to heresy!)

Where heresy and dissent abound [Minnesota]

Gnostic Gospels - the heresy entitled "Gnosticism."

The So-Called ‘Gospel’ of Judas: Unmasking an Ancient Heresy

42 posted on 03/04/2007 4:54:14 PM PST by Salvation (†With God all things are possible.†)
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To: Kolokotronis
I tried looking it up here but they referred me to the article I posted! Go figure.
43 posted on 03/04/2007 4:57:22 PM PST by TradicalRC ("...this present Constitution, which will be valid henceforth, now, and forever..."-Pope St. Pius V)
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To: TradicalRC

You could have just saved space and said that anyone who is not Catholic is a heretic.


44 posted on 03/04/2007 4:59:32 PM PST by DouglasKC
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To: TradicalRC

"I tried looking it up here but they referred me to the article I posted! Go figure."

Odd. Just click the link I posted, set your browser to allow or partially allow scripts and click on the the English language tabs (unless you've set your computer to deal with Greek and can read it). It should work fine. Let me know if you have a problem. It really is quite a theological resource.


45 posted on 03/04/2007 5:03:15 PM PST by Kolokotronis (Christ is Risen, and you, o death, are annihilated!)
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To: TradicalRC; Kolokotronis

This is actually a very interesting discussion, because we are facing attacks now from different types of heresies. I suspect that one can divide heresies into broad categories and in my mind, there are at least two that most of the others could be sorted into: there are anti-Trinitarian heresies and there are dualist heresies. One is based on the nature of God, and the other is based on the nature of creation. Any other categories?


46 posted on 03/04/2007 5:05:08 PM PST by livius
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To: TradicalRC
Charismatic Renewal

May I be the first to say, "Phhooooooopp!"?

Thank you, I thought I would be.

47 posted on 03/04/2007 5:20:58 PM PST by Tax-chick (Every "choice" has a direct object.)
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To: TradicalRC
What a waste of time. The two choices are Roman Catholic or heretic.

What kind of idiot can't tell the difference between a Calvinist and a mormon?

48 posted on 03/04/2007 5:37:00 PM PST by TomSmedley (Calvinist, optimist, home schooling dad, exuberant husband, technical writer)
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To: DouglasKC

"You could have just saved space and said that anyone who is not Catholic is a heretic."


Works for me!


49 posted on 03/04/2007 5:54:24 PM PST by Macoraba
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To: Kolokotronis

There's a Black racist cult called the Five Percenters wherein the men refer to themselves as "gods" and the women as "earths".


50 posted on 03/04/2007 5:57:44 PM PST by Macoraba
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To: TomSmedley; DouglasKC
What a waste of time. The two choices are Roman Catholic or heretic.

I hear you guys. I said in the first post that this guy's perspective was Catholic, so consider yourself warned. That said, I'm sure that you would recognize a lot of the things listed here as genuine heresies. If you have ANY alternate links, please post.

51 posted on 03/04/2007 6:03:54 PM PST by TradicalRC ("...this present Constitution, which will be valid henceforth, now, and forever..."-Pope St. Pius V)
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To: TradicalRC

Of what possible interest could it be to you as it would be compiled by heretics?
You are really confused.


52 posted on 03/04/2007 6:26:26 PM PST by Bainbridge
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To: Macoraba

For one who fancies herself adept at wordplay, you seem to have missed the fact that neither "heresy" nor "Luther" have the letter c in them. More proof that perhaps your contributions do not do much to further serious thinking.


53 posted on 03/04/2007 6:32:09 PM PST by Bainbridge
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To: Macoraba

Arminius, don't forget Arminius! and Nestor. Arminius and Nestor. And Luther, Arminius, Nestor, and Luther....


54 posted on 03/04/2007 6:35:18 PM PST by donmeaker (The speed of light is 186,234 miles per second. Not just a good idea, its the LAW!)
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To: Salvation

My point was, it wasn't a heresy until there was someone that (a) disagreed, and (b) had some authority to condemn.


55 posted on 03/04/2007 6:38:35 PM PST by donmeaker (The speed of light is 186,234 miles per second. Not just a good idea, its the LAW!)
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To: Fiddlstix

Thanks but I think I'll pass on this one.


56 posted on 03/04/2007 6:43:14 PM PST by WKB (Fred "YES", Duncan "yes", Newt "yes", Mitt "maybe", Rino Rudy "no way")
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To: TradicalRC
Let's see now, would the flagellants identified as being among the 13th century heretics be the precursors to the numeraries of Opus Dei?
But of course, you weren't trying to "stir the pot" you were only seeking information, gosh, gee. Why do you refer to other "traditions" and not just say "Hey all you heretics". It is plainly disingenuous.
57 posted on 03/04/2007 6:45:06 PM PST by Bainbridge
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To: TradicalRC

I do understand (I had gone to mass and couldn't answer any earlier.) Clear learning is helpful.


58 posted on 03/04/2007 6:47:23 PM PST by Knitting A Conundrum (Act Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly With God Micah 6:8)
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To: Tax-chick

I just noticed that about the Charismatic Renewal.

I will stand up and say clearly, it is not a heresy. There are prayer groups within it, though, who have become, well, muddled about the Church....

It's more like an approach to spirituality. If one's loyalty was more to being a Charismatic and having connections to non-Catholic charismatics than to being part of the Church, it could then qualify on an individual basis or with particular prayer group circles. It also had papal approval as a church movement.

Anybody tell me that Father Harold Cohen, who worked a lot with Mother Angelica, and one of the holiest people I ever knew and who did the program Closer Walk and was also very active in the charismatic movement, was a heretic, I will have to get you to prove that to me.

He is no doubt in Heaven praying for all of us hotheads right now.


59 posted on 03/04/2007 6:57:39 PM PST by Knitting A Conundrum (Act Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly With God Micah 6:8)
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To: TradicalRC; TomSmedley; DouglasKC
If you have ANY alternate links, please post.

Heresies: Heresy and Orthodoxy in the History of the Church

as reviewed by Ligonier Ministries:

It is said that most religions of the world are religions of orthopraxy. That is, they are far more concerned with maintaining proper rituals and works than with the careful definition of what constitutes proper belief. In comparison, the historic Christian faith is far more concerned with orthodoxy, or right belief. Other faiths have simple creeds and elaborate ritual, but Biblical Christianity has an elaborate creed and simple ritual.

Over the centuries, Christians have taken the apostolic command to contend for the faith once delivered to the saints (Jude 1:3) quite seriously. Christian history is the history of doctrine, and of the struggle to keep it pure and Biblical. Heresies, by Harold O.J. Brown, tells the story of orthodox belief.

Brown's book is an excellent overview of the history of Christian doctrine. Each chapter presents a heresy, a doctrine that would "undercut the very basis for Christian existence" (p. 2), and tells of the reaction against it by orthodox Christians. Long-time students of church history, as well as those just beginning to learn, will find the focus on the doctrines themselves extremely useful and informative.

But the book is not just a recapitulation of church history. Brown, a top-notch church historian, also offers commentary on events and beliefs. This commentary will be especially useful to those who are studying church history in a secular academic setting. Many non-Christian historians love to assert that the triumph of orthodoxy is due largely to political power and that a small minority of theologians imposed the creeds on vast numbers of Christians who held varying and opposing beliefs. Brown's commentary and analysis render these assertions ludicrous. He points out that the very conception of heresy presupposes an orthodox body of belief that heresy opposes. After all, if there is no orthodox doctrine to begin with, there is no point for all the argument over it. Because orthodox doctrine was widely held in the early church, there was no need for its explicit definition until false teaching arose. Far from being an imposition from a minority of theologians, what we know as orthodoxy was accepted by the majority of Christians and was explicitly defined in various ecumenical creeds because of the threat of a few false teachers.

As Brown reminds us, the theory that those with the most political power imposed their ideas as orthodoxy is likewise untenable. While it is true that the state has been used in Christendom to enforce orthodoxy, this practice has by no means been consistent. For example, we have the doctrine of the Trinity today only because Athanasius stood up against Roman emperors who tried to deny the full deity of Christ.

Brown's work is also a true gift to the church. One of the biggest problems in the church today is that most people are unaware of her history. Thus, it is quite easy for aberrant doctrines to be taught in many churches while the people remain unaware. Brown's book can be a remedy for this. For example, many in the church claim special revelation from God about all sorts of issues. The result is doctrinal confusion and a separation of Christians into classes - those who possess said revelation and those who do not. We should not be dismayed about this, for earlier heretics taught the same thing. The Gnostics claimed to have special knowledge no others had. The Montanists claimed that God was communicating new special revelation to them. Those who would claim new revelation today are simply carrying on the tradition of these earlier heretics. The maxim "There are no new heresies" is vindicated time and again, and Brown's work helps us to recognize that the heresies of yesterday become the heresies of today.

The Christian faith has always held a body of essential doctrines, those that must be believed in order for one to be saved. These have included doctrines such as the Trinity, the humanity of Christ, and original sin. These are truths that must be defended even unto death because of their necessity for our salvation. At the same time, the Christian faith has allowed disagreement on a number of more peripheral issues, including such things as the nature of the millennium, end-times chronology, the mode of baptism, etc. These are issues about which Christians may differ but still remain Christian.

Brown notes that when there is no room for disagreement on peripheral doctrines, there will be no room for the Holy Spirit to correct our understanding of the central ones. This is the problem he notes with the medieval Catholic Church, which made all of its teachings central to salvation. It thus became unable to recognize how far it had strayed from apostolic teaching. The church could not recognize the correction the Protestant Reformers offered because to disagree at any point was heresy and the church could tolerate no disagreement.

This is a point we all must remember. It is tempting for the church to become too sectarian and brand any disagreement a heresy. When this happens, we can become unable to recognize the correction of the Spirit through the Word. Brown's writing and analysis remind the church that while we must be willing to die for the non-negotiables, we must also tolerate disagreements among sincere Christians on more peripheral matters. The information Brown offers on the doctrinal controversies in church history helps us to recognize which doctrines must be held without compromise.

Brown's work also helps us to understand history critically. It is very tempting for Protestants to idealize certain individuals because of their importance in keeping the church true to the Scriptural Gospel. No individual is infallible, however; even the greatest saints had personal failings and doctrinal problems. Brown's work reminds us of these and thereby encourages us to apply the principal of sola Scriptura even to our own heroes. We are reminded that it is not Martin Luther or John Calvin who is our final authority, even though they were great men of God. Rather, it is the Holy Scriptures that must be our final authority in all matters of faith and practice.

Another strength of Brown's book is the respect that it shows for the creeds of Christendom. Because the Bible is such a large work with varied contents, it can be difficult to gain an understanding of the whole. Because of this, various church councils have produced creeds to concisely present the teachings of the whole of Scripture. Though these creeds are not infallible, they are absolutely important to maintaining orthodoxy. The best minds in the history of the church have not been able to improve upon such ecumenical statements as the Apostles' Creed, the Nicene Creed, and the Creed of Chalcedon. They help the church understand where speculation about certain doctrines must stop, and in so doing, allow us to confess all the Bible says instead of just a portion. Brown demonstrates that one of the main reasons for the present doctrinal confusion of the church is that it has largely abandoned the use of these creeds. Though the Bible is our final authority, we must never neglect the illumination of Scripture the Holy Spirit has through these creeds.

Finally, Brown's book will give those who read it a greater confidence in the promises of Jesus. Christ promised that the very gates of hell would not be able to prevail against the church (Matt. 16:18). Looking at the church and the world today, it can be quite easy to wonder whether the church will really overcome. The story of the church's struggle against heresy helps us to be surer of Christ's promise. Many times in history the orthodox party has come close to extinction. But the orthodox have never been defeated. Remembering this helps us to be more confident in the promises of God and to not draw our theology from current events. The true church will be the church triumphant.


60 posted on 03/04/2007 7:06:35 PM PST by Alex Murphy
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