It's not actual scholarship worthy of an answer, just polemical handwaving and proof-by-blatant-assertion.
Everyone knows that the Papacy, like everything else, developed over time and didn't spring fullgrown into being in the first century like Athena from the head of Zeus. So what?
“Everyone knows that the Papacy, like everything else, developed over time”
The Roman assertion is that the Papacy did not develop over time. There was a Pope right after Peter. There was no 600+ years of tying to figure out that there was a supreme and universal pontiff in charge all along.