Yes, I think Chesterton said, if people cease to believe in God, it doesn't mean they will then believe in nothing. Rather, they will believe in anything. Things move in to fill the void.
That may explain why rank superstition thrived more widely in the Renaissance (the witchcraft craze, practice of magic) than it did in the middle ages, and why superstition is so prevalent in the modern age, in the most highly developed countries, since religion was removed from the public square and the schools. Crystal gazing, channeling, Gaia, Wiccan, Satanism, you name it, and you'll find people who believe in it.