Posted on 11/28/2001 1:38:29 PM PST by Oldeconomybuyer
Edited on 04/13/2004 2:39:07 AM PDT by Jim Robinson. [history]
WASHINGTON (AP) -- Historians and public interest groups filed a federal lawsuit Wednesday challenging President Bush's executive order that controls the release of presidential records beginning with Ronald Reagan.
Public Citizen, a consumer advocacy group, filed the suit against the National Archives in U.S. District Court, saying that if U.S. Archivist John Carlin follows the order, he will violate the 1978 Presidential Records Act.
(Excerpt) Read more at sfgate.com ...
"[The] principle [of the Constitution] is that of a separation of Legislative, Executive and Judiciary functions except in cases specified. If this principle be not expressed in direct terms, it is clearly the spirit of the Constitution, and it ought to be so commented and acted on by every friend of free government." --Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1797. ME 9:368
Jefferson, like all the presidents- including the founders, did what as he wanted with his papers.
Congress had no authority to change that Executive precedent.
""Ours... is a government which will not tolerate the being kept entirely in the dark." --Thomas Jefferson to James Monroe, 1807. ME 11:168 "
The secrecy needs to be ended Constitutionally- not by a Legislative power grab.
The crux of the ruling was that the Executive Branch wasn't being abused ( by this attack on the disgraced Nixon- this is not the PRA but a precursor law) because the President could do just what these guys are suing Bush for doing!
"There is nothing in the Act rendering it unduly disruptive of the Executive Branch, since that branch remains in full control of the Presidential materials, the Act being facially designed to ensure that the materials can be released only when release is not barred by privileges inhering in that branch. "
"Chief Justice Burger: I find it very disturbing that fundamental principles of constitutional law are subordinated to what seem the needs of a particular situation. That moments of great national distress give rise to passions reminds us why the three branches of Government were created as separate and coequal, each intended as a check, in turn, on possible excesses by one or both of the others. The Court, however, has now joined a Congress, in haste to "do something," and has invaded historic, fundamental principles of the separate powers of coequal branches of Government. To "punish" one person, Congress - and now the Court - tears into the fabric of our constitutional framework."
Justice Rehnquist's dissent, which I hadn't seen before, tells the tale of how this suit should and will fail:
"MR. JUSTICE REHNQUIST, dissenting. Appellant resigned the Office of the Presidency nearly three years ago, and if the issue here were limited to the right of Congress to dispose of his particular Presidential papers, this case would not be of major constitutional significance. Unfortunately, however, today's decision countenances the power of any future Congress to seize the official papers of an outgoing President as he leaves the inaugural stand. In so doing, it poses a real threat to the ability of future Presidents to receive candid advice and to give candid instructions. This result, so at odds with our previous case law on the separation of powers, will daily stand as a veritable sword of Damocles over every succeeding President and his advisers. Believing as I do that the Act is a clear violation of the constitutional principle of separation of powers, I need not address the other issues considered by the Court. "
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