Give me the Reader’s Digest version of the article ...
In brief, a double whammy: as solar irradiance declines, cosmic ray influx increases both absolutely and in terms of its angle of incidence.
This means greater cloud cover as the total solar energy reaching the earth decreases, hence even larger drops in surface temperature.
Finally, large time scale solar cycles are clearly visible in carbon-14 changes in tree rings, so those cycles probably play a greater role in long-term climate change than previously thought.
More sunspots means more solar magnetic field
More solar magnetic field means cosmic rays are blocked
Fewer cosmic rays means less cloud formation on Earth
Less cloud formation means more sunlight reaches Earth
More sunlight reaching earth means warmer Earth
Thus, more sunspots = warmer Earth
Conversely, less sunspots = cooler Earth
Look at the graph. The peak number of sunspots was low in 1970. The 70’s were especially cold. There was a large peak of sunspots in 1990. The 90’s were especially warm. The solar magnetic field in the past can be determined and it correlates well with long periods of cold and long warm periods.
We are expected to have an especially low peak number of sunspots in the present sunspot cycle. Expect some brutal winters
Reader's Digest would put their own slant on it.
However, the 'condensed version' can be found in post #6.