(Gratuitous Schroedinger reference)
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See, I gotta problem with talk of "teleportation:"
1. Suppose you convert the person himself into energy and transmit him someplace; once the energy is there, you extract the information ("this carbon atom goes here; this sodium atom goes there...) and convert the energy somehow into the subject. The sheer quantity of energy could destroy the Earth very easily...
2. If you just record the position and identity of every atom and then transmit the information...the box on the other end has a big vat of atoms and selects the right ones... Oops, you now have a duplicate. I guess we gotta murder the original (back at home base). How do you think the original would feel? "Hey, don't get your panties in a wad; they assure us you arrived safe and secure on Pluto. Now hold still--quit struggling like that, it really is quite unseemly and makes it difficult to insert this needle..."
3. Such schemes (as I describe at least) are limited to light-speed, so teleporting to AlphaCentauri will take 4.3 years.
4. There probably has to be an immense amount of equipment at the far end, meaning somebody had to get there the hard way first to set it all up, collect all the atoms, etc.
There are numerous other objections; see Larry Niven for details.
--Boris
Have you been watching the new "Outer Limits"? There was a show on this very subject. Aliens gave us teleportation technology and people from earth were sent to the other world, but the original had to be killed. It was a very good show.
According to prior explanations, quantum entanglement is not affected by distance. That is, a transmitter on one side and a receiver on the other side OF THE GALAXY will interact simultaneously. This phenomenon has nothing to do with the speed of light.