The Gunpowder Plot is an allusion to Guy Fawkes (who is also the person pictured in the drawing) and his conspiracy to explode parliament. As with the Boston Massacre and Harpers Ferry mention, the point is that—unlike the lunatic Jared Loughner—the current acts by protesters in Madison *do* presage threats of a wider political disturbance.
By the way, I also mention the letter you refer to in my post.