[Cronos]

They're not Arabic numerals. They're Indian numerals. The ancient north Indians devised the decimal system in 300 AD, well before Islam

[odds]

Good post.

Though Sanskrit (Indian) is new, comparatively.

Cuneiform is much older, non Semitic, and was used by Sumerians, Babylonians, Persians (Cyrus's Declaration was in Cuneiform, Not Sanskrit) etc.. for their written work, numbers inclusive. Example below for zero [0].

See links in 72 & in 73, specifically.