“This delayed effect is true for saturated fat and cholesterol consumption leading to heart disease”
You need to read some more recent information about this. Saturated fat and cholesterol are not the cause of heart disease.
“sodium consumption leading to hypertension”
This has been disproven many years ago. There is a very small percentage of people who have a sensitivity to excess sodium leading to hypertension.
“the consumption of high glycemic index foods leading to diabetes”
That, and overeating in general, can lead to type II diabetes.
Everyone should reduce their consumption of saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium as much as possible.
The leading studies and institutions support this position.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dietary-guidelines/MY01594
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/chol/cholesterol_atglance.pdf
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2943062/