But GDP per person was way up. Businesses evolve, resources get allocated differently.
And this. In the US, from 18731879, 18,000 businesses went bankrupt, including hundreds of banks, and ten states went bankrupt
In a dynamic economy new, more efficient, businesses will replace businesses that refuse to keep up with the times. The bottom line is overall economic activity, and that was way up in the 1873 to 1880 period.