Depends on the Latitude, time of year and plane speed.
Altitude the plane is at, direction of flight (must be east-to-west!), and - above all! - remember that is average airplane speed. Slow down for refueling, speed up for normal flight at most economical (most efficient altitude and fuel consumption), slow down to refuel again, speed back to most economical conditions. Rinse, wash, repeat.
Or you could walk around.
A fit, motivated male (or an ugly male following a fit and motivated young female) can walk at 3 mph steadily for 24 hours. (Don't ask him (or her) to do it again the next day!)
In 24 hours, you can go 72 miles. A circle of diameter 22.93 miles.
Go to the south pole at either equinox. Walk north 11.46 miles, then turn left to put the sun on your right shoulder at noon and keep walking. 24 hours later, you are back at the same spot, having walked around the world.
the sun will still be on your right shoulder, you will be very sunburned on half of your exposed flesh - if any - and you will be very tired. Hungry.
For planes, you could do the average B-52, C-5B, B-1, B-2, KC-135, KC-10, 757SP or 747 Long Range to play the "how far at how fast for how long" game. Then find the latitude matching that altitude and speed for a continuous or refueled flight. It's be fun to see if a commercial long range cargo jet could stay up for 24 hours.