According to Common Core, first you have to make friends with the ten in the twelve. Then you have to add another friend to make twenty. From the twenty, you have to add the one and the two from the twelve to make twenty-three. Now, two plus three is five, which you add to the original twelve to get seventeen. But since you added three numbers together, you take back three from seventeen to get fourteen, and there’s your answer: B.
You are absolutely correct! (because I have to teach Common Core, my first thought on this problem was: make a new ten!)