They didn't choose the right major.
I did not pay to get my PhD. My graduate education was paid by federal and state agencies, wealthy donors, and private business. I have been steadily employed throughout the 14 years since getting my PhD.
One could argue that someone who is not smart enough to do the market research for their potential career field prior to graduate school is not actually smart enough to do grad school. Actually, the time to do the market research is prior to declaring a major in undergraduate school. There are no jobs in "studies"; don't waste your time on it.
Exactly. That is why I said don’t opt for a PhD. in advanced basket-weaving or similar useless major.
My Shanghai-born lady friend’s daughter (I think of her as my little girl) was a 16 year old college freshman. Dual majors in Chemistry and Bio-mechanical Engineering. She got scholarships that paid for her education, She got grants from different groups that paid for housing and food, and even some walking around money! The only thing her Mom paid for was some extra taxes as not all the grants were tax free. Companies started trying to recruit her at the end of her Freshman year. One is now paying for her post-graduate work. I’m very proud of her! No debt whatsoever!