[rollo tomasi]

"State legislatures used to command their U.S. Senators."

And when there was gridlock, then what? Again, as voting rights were expanded and two dominant political parties emerged, the Senate became a haven of political favors/corruption and State infighting. A system where few who were allowed to vote (Land owners) maintained some type of consistent ideological pattern (Some fundamental opposition occurred, slavery and Federal expansion as examples), but after the Civil War... You bypass this by having States directly vote for any type of Federal expansion.

Again, this flaw was pointed out before the Constitution was even ratified. Also AL was emerging decades before the 17th.

[Ray76]

> And when there was gridlock, then what?

In #33 you said you “don’t care about any potential bottlenecks”