Just a thought.
IMHO Hawking is overrated
>>Perhaps we are not properly applying ... <<
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More likely, Halton Arp is correct and red shift has been misinterpreted since day one-—completely invalidating the current theories of cosmology which use it to (erroneously) calculate distances, velocities and masses of distant galaxies etc.
I am a believer in the Standard Model of Particle Physics, as well as Special Relativity and probably General Relativity too.
The bogus part is when they try and usurp the term: “Standard Model” and apply it to something entirely different in the field of cosmology.
This is a huge scandal in physics, IMO.
On top of all this, it irks me to see the charlatan Stephen Hawking try and apply his garbage theories to God.
BTW, parts of his black hole theories dealing with radiation escape have been invalidated in the mainstream journals.
The Big Bang, in reality, is just a TV show.