Several handguns have been chambered for .30 carbine over the years. But I get your point.
My BIL has a .30 carbine pistol. The local indoor pistol range will not allow him to shoot it there.
But not until after it was introduced in a rifle. But a great little round. With a soft point it basically delivers a 357 mags power at the muzzle out at 100 yards.
But people love to prattle on about how weak it is.
Thompson Center makes a pistol that can accommodate many rifle rounds. (223, 308, 30 cal. etc.) Single shot.
The US .30 M-1 is a Tweener: supersonic, but not high-velocity. Size and recoil both favor it as a handgun cartridge.
If memory serves, Ruger Single-Six and Thompson-Center Contender were both chambered for it.
I always wonder about such switchings though. Should not powder burn rates be suited to barrel lengths?
It seems to me that a handgun firing a .30 M-1 would have excessive powder waste and muzzle blast. Conversely, it seems to me that a Thompson M-1928 or M-1 would benefit from a slower-burning powder in .45 ACP.