.357 is my guess.
Wonder if the guy shooting was hurt.
The N-frame .357’s with some exceptions use a thinner barrel. This is likely a 629 or 657 (.44 and .41 Mag) given the size of the rounds in the first picture.
I knew a guy who would stuff as much WW296 in the .44 Mag as could be done and produce giant fireballs. No thanks.
My take on the failure is that someone overloaded the charges and there was a failure (slow burn?) on the first shot. When cycling to the next chamber, the first blew while in mid-cycle, and cascaded to the adjoining chambers.
I have never seen a failure like this, and I hope the owner/shooter gives up what they were doing so the rest of us can learn and avoid such a failure...