You point out it is an "effort" but show no evidence it ever passed, so I assume it didn't. The history of Congress is littered with "efforts" that go nowhere and thus are not law.
I don't know if it did or if it didn't, but the mere fact of it's existence clearly demonstrates that they did not regard the children of Aliens as "natural born citizens" because if they did, they would not be debating the taking away of one of their inalienable rights.
It would seem to imply the opposite - that the Congressman acknowledged they had "privileges of natural-born citizens" but wanted to remove those privileges by statute.