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References for Iran / Hezbollah global crimes

Matthias Küntzel: Ahmadinejad's Demons
These children who rolled to their deaths were part of the Basiji, a mass movement ... "The young men cleared the mines with their own bodies," one veteran of the ... In 1982, during the retaking of the city of Khorramshahr, 10000 Iranians died.
http://www.matthiaskuentzel.de/contents/ahmadinejads-demons

Hezbollah Feared
Pittsburgh Press - Feb 16, 1992
NICOSIA, Cyprus
Hezbollah, a Shiite Muslim group— formed by Iranian leaders as a spearhead for spreading their Islamic revolution, grew into one of the Mideast's most feared terrorist groups.

It is the parent movement for extremist factions that held most of the the Western hostages in Lebanon and was responsible for the suicide bombing that killed hundreds of US Marines in Beirut in 1983.

Organized in 1982 under Iran's attempt to spread the fundamentalism of the late Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Hezbollah was led by Sheik Abbas Musawi, who was killed in southern Lebanon yesterday in an Israeli attack.

The group, whose name in Arabic means Party of God, has a hard core of about 3,500 fighters. But it can call on thousands more activists trained by Iranian Revolutionary Guards sent to Lebanon when Israel invaded in June 1982.

It is financed by Tehran and aided by Iranian and Syrian intelligence.

Hezbollah carried out suicide bombings against . American, French and Israeli troops in Lebanon in the mid-1980s.

Its bloodiest attacks came Oct. 23, 1983, when suicide drivers rammed trucks packed with explosives into a US Marine barracks, killing 241 Americans, and a French paratroop base, killing 59.

Its various underground factions, such as Islamic Jihad, or Islamic Holy War, are believed responsible for terrorist attacks throughout the Middle East, western Europe and Asia. They hijacked several airliners between 1984 and 1989 Hezbollah's military wing, the Islamic Resistance, is waging a guerrilla war along with other Muslim and leftist factions against Israeli and allied troops in the Israeli-occupied "security zone" in southern Lebanon.

For the past six years, Hezbollah has battled the more secular, Syrian-backed Shiite Amal militia for leadership of Lebanon's 12 million Shiites, the country's largest sect.

An uneasy truce negotiated by Syria and Iran took hold two years ago, but scattered clashes still occur.

During the 1980s nearly 100 foreigners were kidnapped in Lebanon. At least eight were eventually killed.
http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Vh0hAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BGQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2213,2019663

THE 444 DAY SIEGE

BBC ON THIS DAY | 4 | 1979: Militants storm US embassy in Tehran
1979: Militants storm US embassy in Tehran. Militant Islamic students in Iran have stormed the US embassy in the Iranian capital,Tehran, and taken more than ...
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/november/4/newsid_3910000/3910627.stm

Briefing: the 444-day US embassy siege, Tehran 1979 - Times Online
... anti-American protests had run through Tehran after the US offered refuge to the Shah of Iran, ...
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article538994.ece

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Hizballah (Party of God)
Hizbollah was established in 1982 during the Lebanon War when a group of Lebanese ... in October 1983 and the US Embassy Annex in Beirut in September 1984. ...
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/hizballah.htm

Profiles in terror: the guide to Middle East terrorist organizations - Page 169
Aaron Mannes - 2004 - 372 pages
Hizbullah pioneered many terrorist tactics, including suicide bombing and the massive simultaneous truck or car bomb attack. Hizbullah also developed expertise in constructing highly effective explosive devices. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=lJwIhKrx0FAC&pg=PA169

U.S.A. Patriot Act of 2001 - Page 12
Howard Ball - 2004 - 265 pages
The massive truck-bomb blast, containing between 5000 to 20000 pounds of explosives, killed nineteen Americans and ... The Saudi Hezbollah was the Islamic terrorist cell that carried out the attack, evidently with support from Iran.
http://books.google.com/books?id=YOFZ2RSewt8C&pg=PA12

The axis of evil: Iran, Hizballah, and Palestinian terror - Page 92
Shaul Shay - 2005 - 262 pages
M Suicide attack against the US Embassy in Kuwait. From November 1983 to March 1985 the arena for Shiite terrorist ... against Western targets in Kuwait including the French Embassy, the control tower at the international airport, ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=4kGIpMI5HC0C&pg=PA92

American Hiroshima: The Reasons Why And A Call To Strengthen ...
David J. Dionisi - 2005 - 232 pages - [p. 61]
The attack killed 241 US Marines. December 12, 1983: Members of al Dawa or "The Call," an Iranian-backed group, bombed multiple targets in Kuwait. Targets included the American embassy, the French embassy, the control tower at the ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=6Oq1kGlMMXwC&pg=PT61

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Without future: the plight of Syrian Jewry - Page 17
Saul S. Friedman - 1989 - 146 pages
But since his disappearance, Lebanese Jews have tried, with limited success, to avoid provoking anti-Zionist gangs. ... returned to his family, although Hezbollah (a terrorist organization) announced his execution on February 19, 1986.
http://books.google.com/books?id=aMhtAAAAMAAJ&q=hezbollah+torture+lebanese+jews

Political terrorism: a new guide to actors, authors, concepts, ... - Page 609
Alex Peter Schmid, Albert J. Jongman - 2005 - 700 pages
It has taken hostage at least twelve Jews in southern Lebanon in response to the Israeli invasion. ... the involved prison director, to blow up the Italian embassy in Beirut and to kidnap and torture any Iranian civilian in the world. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=NgDks1hUjhMC&pg=PA609

Newsweek: Volume 109
1987 - [page 117]
The fanatics in Beirut can kidnap them, torture them, hang them publicly and dump their bodies on the streets — but apparently they can't make Westerners leave. Even after three more Americans were kidnapped last week, there were still ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=1eQmAQAAIAAJ&q=The+fanatics+in+Beirut+can+kidnap+them,+torture+them,+hang+them+publicly+and+dump+their+bodies+on+the+streets

Re: Hezbollah > America - By Andy McCarthy - The Corner - National ...
Apr 29, 2008 ... Hezbollah operatives kidnapped William Francis Buckley, ... Under [top Hezbo honcho, the late Imad] Mugniyah's direction, Buckley was tortured for 15 months, ... kidnapped and ultimately murdered Colonel William Higgins, ...
http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/162295/re-hezbollah-america/andy-mccarthy

Hezbollah: born with a vengeance - Google Books Result
Hala Jaber - 1997 - History - 240 pages - Page 118
The affair confirms the direct involvement of the Guards' special security apparatus in the kidnapping of Western hostages and suggests that Buckley's ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=m_ktBrZfuUYC&pg=PA118

Iran's president recruits terror master - Times Online Apr 23, 2006 ... And you can't talk about Hezbollah and not think about Iran. ... Imad will be the one to act," a western intelligence source said last week. ... West when he was involved in the kidnapping, torture and mutilation of William Buckley, ... The kidnapping led to the Iran-contra affair, one of the most ...
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article708342.ece

Myths & Facts - Israel and Lebanon
I treated men whose testicles had been cut off in torture sessions. .... For Hezbollah, it is a reason to keep its militia armed and active, ... trucks carrying explosives into the U.S. Marine and French military barracks near Beirut, ... In 1985, Hizballah operatives began kidnapping Westerners off the streets of ...
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/myths/mf11.html

Michael J. Totten: Hezbollah Scouts Out The Hague
Mar 4, 2009 ... Fifty eight French soldiers were killed by another Hezbollah suicide ... Imad Mugniyeh kidnapped 96 foreign civilians – mostly Westerners – between 1982 and 1992. ... they tortured him to death, and they did it on video. ...
http://www.michaeltotten.com/archives/2009/03/hezbollah-scout.php

frontline: target america: terrorist attacks on americans, 1979-1988 Eventually, 30 Westerners would be kidnapped during the 10-year-long Lebanese ... U.S. officials believed that the Iranian-backed Hezbollah was behind most ...
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/target/etc/cron.html

Congressional Record - Page 112
Between 1982 and 1992, more than 30 Westerners were abducted by this organization, some tortured and killed. .... cell infiltrated Israel through a tunnel, murdered two Israeli soldiers, and kidnapped 19 year old Corporal Gilad Shalit. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=W6gziQydtBwC&pg=RA2-PA112

The World's Most Threatening Terrorist Networks and Criminal Gangs - Page 129
Michael T. Kindt, Jerrold M. Post, Barry R. Schneider - 2009 - 281 pages
Many civilians were also among the 30 Westerners kidnapped during the 1980s. These included cases such as Terry Waite, ... Associated Press reporter Terry Anderson who was held for nearly seven years at the hands of Hezbollah, ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=WMZdR8XPzQoC&pg=PA129

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Lebanon's Hezbollah - Page 48
Ann Byers - 2003 - 64 pages
1975-1976 Civil war in Lebanon. 1978 Israel enters Lebanon and occupies areas adjacent to its border with Lebanon. ... September 20, 1984 Hezbollah bombs US Embassy annex in East Beirut, killing 24. 1984-1988 Seventeen Americans and ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=l8jlj2oYtgsC&pg=PA48

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Profiles in terror: the guide to Middle East terrorist organizations - Page 149
Aaron Mannes - 2004 - 372 pages
On April 5, 1988, Hizbullah hijacked Kuwait Airlines Flight 422, again attempting to force Kuwait to release the Iraqi al-Da'wa prisoners. Ultimately, these prisoners were released from Kuwaiti a prison by Iraq during their occupation ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=lJwIhKrx0FAC&pg=PA149

The devil we know: dealing with the new Iranian superpower - Page 191
Robert Baer - 2008 - 279 pages
As a member of Hezbollah's polit- buro told me in March 2008, it was in 1990 that Hezbollah gave up "the ... hijacked Kuwait Airways flight 422 — managed to escape from prison when the United States invaded Iraq in August 1990. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=UPUUL2HgwooC&pg=PA191

Patterns of global terrorism 1985-2005: U.S. Department of State reports with supplementary documents and statistics, Volume 1
Anna Sabasteanski - 2005 - 535 pages - Page 62
Some elements in Iran may have provided support for the hijackings by Hizballah of Kuwait Airways Flight 422 on 5 ... of these anti-Saudi operations, which were primarily directed at the offices of the Saudi national airline, Saudia. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=q8cZAQAAIAAJ&q=422

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Conflict and cooperation in the Gulf region - Page 60
Joseph Kostiner - 2009 - 287 pages
Iran responded. Since Iraqi oil exports through the Gulf had been shut down, Iran's response was directed against the Gulf states. On 7 May, Iran's fighter aircraft hit a Saudi tanker. On 13 and 14 May, Iran attacked Kuwaiti tankers ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=YQb1Ilj2U7EC&pg=PA60

Middle East Contemporary Survey 1986: Volume 10; Volume 1986 - Page 562
Itamar Rabinovich, Haim Shaked - 1988 - 694 pages - Full view
In May, two Iranian helicopter gunboats struck two missiles at the Saudi oil tanker al-Nasr al-'Arabi 70 miles off the coast of Qatar. The attack was apparently a reprisal for an Iraqi attack on a supertanker heading for an Iranian oil ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=bekED50mOJAC&pg=PA562

Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups - Page 130
Stephen E. Atkins - 2004 - 404 pages
In 1983 and 1984, open fighting broke out between the adherents of Hezbollah and the PLO in southern Lebanon. ... Mugniyah also led the numerous kidnapping operations in the mid-1980s. Open warfare broke out in 1988 between the forces ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=b8k4rEPvq_8C&pg=PA130

Hezbollah: the story of the party of God : from Revolution to ... - Page 73
Eitan Azani - 2009 - 293 pages
On February 17, 1988, Colonel Higgins was kidnapped in southern Lebanon by Hezbollah activists. The kidnapping raised the struggle between Amal and Hezbollah to a new height. ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=vHrQGZ8lUgIC&pg=PA73

In the path of Hizbullah - Page 85
Ahmad Nizar Hamzeh - 2004 - 196 pages
The Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility for kidnapping dozens of Americans, British, and French in March 1984. ... the movement may have gone underground.15 By 1988, the number of foreigners kidnapped in Lebanon totaled eighty, ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=HNyv0N8cVE0C&pg=PA85

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Encyclopedia of terrorism - Harvey W. Kushner - 2003 - Political Science - 523 pages - Page 386
US EMBASSY BOMBING, BEIRUT The April 18, 1983, suicide bombing attack on the US embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killed 63 people in a blast so powerful it shook ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=ZOfkAoDb_2IC&pg=PA386

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Congressional Record - Page 26327 -
1985 TWA Hijacking, June 14, 1985: A Trans- World Airlines flight was hijacked en route to Rome from Athens by two Lebanese Hizballah terrorists... Berlin Discoteque Bombing, April 5, 1986: Two US soldiers were killed, and 79 American servicemen were injured in a ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=Rk73jS6FzREC&pg=PA26327

Robert Dean Stethem, SW2, United States Navy
Jun 15, 1985 ... The ship was named after Petty Officer Robert Dean Stethem, ... He was badly beaten and ultimately executed after the terrorists' demands were not met. ... native Robert Stethem's June 1985 murder on board the hijacked TWA jet as it ... $321 million for its role in the case of supporting Hezbollah. ...
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/rdstethe.htm

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Prospects for Adding Hezbollah to the EU Terrorist List - American ...
In 1985, Hezbollah was responsible for the bombing of a restaurant near a U.S. base in Madrid, which killed 18 Spanish citizens. ...
http://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nl/content2.asp?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=1323269&ct=4490703

National Security
Kim Masters Evans - 2007 - 152 pages - Page 41
Restaurant, Torrejon, Spain (1984) — Hezbollah claimed responsibility for a bomb that killed eighteen US servicemen and injured eighty-three. TWA Airliner (1985) — Lebanese Hezbollah terrorists hijacked the flight and held it for ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=O7qqzJosSMsC&q=spain+hezbollah+1985+madrid++restaurant&dq=spain+hezbollah+1985+madrid++restaurant&hl=en&ei=0yrITKa2JIuWsgPkmvS0Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CFAQ6AEwBg

The new Iranian leadership: Ahmadinejad, terrorism, nuclear ambition, and the Middle East - Page 82
Praeger Security International Series -
Authors Yonah Alexander, Milton M. Hoenig
Publisher Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008
Buckley is murdered on October 3, 1985 after being tortured while in captivity. Islamic Jihad, an often used alias for ...
April 12, 1985--Madrid, Spain: A bomb explodes in a restaurant popular with American servicemen in Madrid, Spain, killing 18, all Spaniards, and injuring, 15 Americans. Within days, Islamic Jihad, a Hizballah alias, claimed responsibility in Beirut.
http://books.google.com/books?id=_ac30INKAu4C&pg=PA82

The Iran Threat: President Ahmadinejad and the Coming Nuclear Crisis - Page 72
Alireza Jafarzadeh - 2008 - 320 pages
According to information that I received from sources inside the Iranian regime in early 1997, IRGC brigadier general Ahmad Sharifi masterminded the Khobar Towers attack. In a press conference that my colleagues and I held on April 16, ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=GTFbdHNnOCsC&pg=PA72

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Imad Mugniyah, Iran and al Qaeda - By Andy McCarthy - The Corner ...
Feb 13, 2008 ... Hezbollah hijackers seized a Kuwait Airlines plane in December 1984, murdering four of the passengers, including two Americans. ...
http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/158854/imad-mugniyah-iran-and-al-qaeda/andy-mccarthy

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Profiles in terror: the guide to Middle East terrorist organizations - Page 150
Aaron Mannes - 2004 - 372 pages
In 1986, Hizbullah expanded its operations against France, kidnapping eight French citizens between February and May. Hizbullah also launched a bombing campaign in Paris between December 1985 and September 1986 during the French ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=lJwIhKrx0FAC&pg=PA150

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Hizballah: Iran's Tool | CNSnews.com
... Other attacks researchers have attributed to Hizballah include a series of bombings in Paris in 1986, which killed 13; an unsuccessful attempt to carry out attacks in Cyprus in 1988; a plot, foiled by Spanish police, to carry out attacks against Jewish targets in Europe in 1989; an unsuccessful attempt to detonate a car bomb outside a Jewish community building in Romania in 1992; the bombing of a small passenger plane carrying 18 passengers in Panama in 1994; and a planned 1996 attack, also foiled by police, on an Israeli institution in Paris.
http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/17764

The terrorist list: A-K [Praeger Security International Series [Volume 1 of The Terrorist List: The Middle East, Edward F. Mickolus] - Page 385
[Author] Edward Mickolus - [Publisher ABC-CLIO] 2009 - 368 pages
Muhammad Mahmudi one of the three Lebanese arrested on July 28, 1994 by Costa Rican police in David when they tried to cross the Panamanian– Costa Rican border with false passports. They were suspected of involvement in the suicide bombing of ALAS Airlines flight HP-1202, a twin-engine Brazilian-made Embraer on July 19, 1994, that killed two crew and 19 passengers, including a dozen Israeli businessmen, shortly after the plane left Colon Airport in Panama. The Partisans of God, believed to be an Hizballah cover name, claimed credit.
http://books.google.com/books?id=dj_UiuHRT1IC&pg=PA385

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IRAN - HEZBOLLAH 1992 ATTACK IN ARGENTINA

Terrorist Bombings in Argentina Argentina's Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires was the site of the first explosion, a car bomb, on March 17, 1992. The bomb killed 29 and injured over 250. ...
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Terrorism/argentina.html

BBC NEWS | Middle East | Bomb kills top Hezbollah leader Feb 13, 2008 ... Israel believes he was involved in planning the 1992 bombing of Israel's embassy in Argentina in which 29 people were killed, and the blast ...
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7242383.stm

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IRAN / HEZBOLLAH - THE 'AMIA' MASSACRE IN ARGENTINA 1994

Argentina accuses Iran of responsibility for the Hezbollah ...
As usual, Iran and Hezbollah rejected the investigation's findings, .... that the heinous attack on AMIA, which caused 85 deaths, 151 injuries and ..... that was carrying between 300 and 400 kilograms of explosives – stopped the vehicle ...
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/argentina_amia_e.htm

US Says Latin American Terrorism Backed by Iran
http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/congress/1995_h/h950928w.htm

Congressional Record - Government Printing Office - Page 925
[July 30, 2007 Congressional Record-House Vol. 153, Pt. 15]
Iran, whom, at the same time, entrusted its execution to the Lebanese terrorist ... Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, a former leader of Iran and the current chairman of Iran's Expediency Council, for his involvement in the AMIA bombing and urged the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) to issue a capture notice (commonly known as...
http://books.google.com/books?id=ht4QmoOTphIC&pg=PA925
[110th CONGRESS House Bills] [From the U.S. Government Printing
http://bulk.resource.org/gpo.gov/bills/110/hc188ih.txt

Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, William J. Clinton, 1994, Bk. 1, January 1 to July 31, 1994 - Page 1313 - National Archives and Records Administration, Office of the Federal Register - [Government Printing Office]
Terrorism Q. Mr. President, it is widely believed that Hezbollah was responsible for some of the recent bombings in Buenos Aires and Panama, if not also in London. Did you discuss that with President Asad?
http://books.google.com/books?id=hh81-nkKuF4C&pg=PA1313

VARIOUS HEZBOLLAH BLOODY ATTACKS INCLUDING 1994 PANAMA, TWA FLIGHT 1985, ETC.

Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues - Page 274 - Gus Martin - SAGE, Mar 6, 2009 - 540 pages
For example, during the 1990s, Latin American and US security officials identified an apparent threat in South America, which indicated that Middle Eastern cells became active in the 1990s along the triangular border region where Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay meet.
These concerns arose in part from two incidents in July 1994. In the first incident, the Lebanese Shi'a movement Hezbollah was suspected of committing a deadly suicide bombing at the Argentine-Israelite Mutual Association in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where 85 people were killed and more than 200 were injured. Although the media reported that a group calling itself Ansar Allah claimed credit, Hezbollah (using the name Islamic Jihad) had previously claimed responsibility for the 1992 bombing of the Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires.
In the second incident, an apparent suicide bomb exploded aboard a Panamanian airliner, killing 21 people, 12 of whom were Jewish.
http://books.google.com/books?id=1Iwd0--ZBUcC&pg=PA274

Political parties and terrorist groups - Page 70 - Leonard Weinberg, Ami Pedahzur - Psychology Press, Nov 11, 2003 - 179 pages
Hizballah members Imad Fayez Mugniyah, Hassan Izz-Al-Din and Ali Atwa were indicted in the US for the hijacking of TWA flight 847 (June 14, 1985) and placed on the FBI's Most Wanted Terrorists list on October 10, 2001.
Hizballah has spawned numerous splinter groups. Most notable among these may well be a little-known group called "Supporters of God." In March 1992 an immense car bomb destroyed the Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina. An identical device exploded in Buenos Aires on July 18, 1992 outside a Jewish community center, killing nearly 100 civilians. It was not until 1994 that a credible claim was made about the identity of the attackers. In a statement from Lebanon, a group calling itself Ansarollah ("Supporters of God" or "Partisans of God") announced that it was responsible not only for these acts, but also for the little-known bombing of a Panamanian commuter flight commuter flight that crashed near Colon on July 19,..
http://books.google.com/books?id=q8dzsQSRtz0C&pg=PA70
Political parties and terrorist groups - Page 142 - Leonard Weinberg, Ami Pedahzur - 2003 - 179 pages
http://books.google.com/books?id=q8dzsQSRtz0C&pg=PA142

Low intensity conflict & law enforcement: Volume 4 - F. Cass, 1995
This was the second such attack in as many years against a Jewish-related target in Buenos Aires: in March 1992 a car bomb parked outside the Israeli embassy killed 29 persons. The following day a bomb exploded aboard a commuter plane in Panama that regularly carried Jewish businessmen between their homes in Colon and Panama City: 21 persons perished, including 12 Jews.
http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=%22This+was+the+second+such+attack+in+as+many+years+against+a+Jewish-related+target%22&btnG=

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Hezbollah: Hezbollah around the World Mar 31, 2008 ... In July two years later, a suicide bomber reportedly linked to Hezbollah detonated a bomb on a commuter plane in Colón , Panama , killing ...
http://www.adl.org/main_terrorism/hezbollah_overview.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_5

Islamic Terrorism In Latin America
Mar 11, 2009 ... 1992, a Lebanese suicide bomber boarded a commuter flight in Colón, Panama, and detonated a bomb, killing all 21 people aboard, including 12 ...
http://www.il-rs.org.br/ingles/arquivos/The_Americas_March_11_2009.pdf

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BBC ON THIS DAY | 26 | 1994: Israel's London embassy bombed 1994: Israel's London embassy bombed. A car bomb has exploded outside the Israeli embassy in London injuring 14 people. The blast, at 1210 BST, ...
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/26/newsid_2499000/2499619.stm

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Specialists have linked a terrorist bomb that destroyed a French airliner last month (Oct, 1989) in Africa to a Palestinian group allied with the pro-Iranian Hezbollah, the newspaper Figaro said... Working with fragments of a suitcase found in the wreckage of the airliner, specialists in Paris' central police laboratory found similarities to a terrorist bomb that exploded at a Paris department store almost five years ago. The February 1985 attack at the department store resulted in the arrest of Habib Maammar, a Tunisian member of a group directed by the Palestinian bomb maker Abu Ibrahim.
http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1989-11-01/news/8911013269_1_hezbollah-bomb-police-in-paris

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Lebanon: The Israel-Hamas-Hezbollah Conflict
by C Blanchard
to Hezbollah's backers, Iran and Syria, that their support for terrorism will not be .... the importance of cooperation between Hamas and Hezbollah and ...
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/71845.pdf

Lebanon: The Israel-Hamas-Hezbollah Conflict
by C Blanchard to Hezbollah's backers, Iran and Syria, that their support for terrorism will ..... unguided rockets, often called Katyushas. Having ranges of between 20-45 ...
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/71845.pdf

Iran: Current Developments and U.S. Policy
by K Katzman Israel asserted in February 2002 that Iran had 8000 Katyusha ..... Assets Disputes/Victims of Terrorism. Iran claims that the United States has ... In October 2001, victims of the October 1982 Hizbollah bombing of the ...
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/9058.pdf

Chapter 3 -- State Sponsors of Terrorism Overview Apr 30, 2008 ... Iran remained the most active state sponsor of terrorism. Elements of its Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) were directly involved in the planning and support of terrorist acts throughout the region and continued to support a variety of groups in their use of terrorism to advance their common regional goals. Iran provides aid to Palestinian terrorist groups, Lebanese Hizballah, Iraq-based militants, and Taliban fighters in Afghanistan.

Iran remains a threat to regional stability and U.S. interests in the Middle East because of its continued support for violent groups, such as HAMAS and Hizballah, and its efforts to undercut the democratic process in Lebanon, where it seeks to build Iran’s and Hizballah’s influence to the detriment of other Lebanese communities.

Iran is a principal supporter of groups that are implacably opposed to the Middle East Peace Process, and continues to maintain a high-profile role in encouraging anti-Israel terrorist activity – rhetorically, operationally, and financially. Supreme Leader Khamenei and President Ahmadinejad praised Palestinian terrorist operations, and Iran provided Lebanese Hizballah and Palestinian terrorist groups, notably HAMAS, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command, with extensive funding, training, and weapons.
http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2007/103711.htm

Hamas - Council on Foreign Relations
The first Hamas suicide bombing took place in April 1993. .... killed more than five hundred people in more than 350 separate terrorist attacks since 1993. ...Iranian and other weapons were being smuggled into Gaza through a series of tunnels... Iran also provides significant support, which some diplomats say could amount to $20 million to $30 million per year.
http://www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html

The New York Times > Opinion > Op-Ed Contributor: Does Iran Want ...
Sep 8, 2004 ... So Hezbollah embraced the grievances of Lebanon's Shiites, ... It was Iran that in 1982 dispatched 2000 Revolutionary Guards to win the hearts and minds of the Lebanese Shiites...
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/08/opinion/08neumann.html

IRAN - PERSONALLY ORCHESTRATING ISLAMIC HEZBOLLAH'S TERRORISM / WAR AGAINST ISRAEL

Palestinians: Hamas, Hezbollah cooperated on Jerusalem terror ...
Mar 9, 2008 ... Iran set to load fuel to core of first atomic plant (Reuters) ... Palestinians: Hamas, Hezbollah cooperated on Jerusalem terror attack ...
http://www.haaretz.com/news/palestinians-hamas-hezbollah-cooperated-on-jerusalem-terror-attack-1.240945

Iran and Syria as state sponsors of terrorism Iran and Syria, two major state sponsors of terrorism, ... Also according to the report, Hamas and Hezbollah continued to finance their terrorist .... which supported "the Zionist regime which is a symbol of government terrorism" (Fars ...
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/iran_e007.htm

State Sponsors: Iran - Council on Foreign Relations See Also. Iran, State Sponsors of Terrorism ... U.S. officials say Iran supported the group behind the 1996 truck bombing of Khobar Towers, ... (which Iran helped found in the 1980s) and Palestinian terrorist groups like Hamas, ... There has also been speculation that Iran encouraged Hezbollah's July 2006 attack on ...
http://www.cfr.org/publication/9362/state_sponsors.html

US Intel: Tehran pushes Hizballah hard to attack - DEBKAfile ...
Oct 25, 2010
http://www.debka.com/article/9002/

Congressional Record - Page 112
This month, Hamas — another organization designated by the State Department as a FTO ... Then on July 12th, the Iran and Syria-supported Hezbollah terrorist ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=W6gziQydtBwC&pg=RA2-PA112

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IRAN - HEZBOLLAH CAUSING BLOODSHED IN IRAQ

A NATION AT WAR: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS; Syria Harbors Iraqis and Grants Transit to Hezbollah, U.S. Asserts
Published: April 15, 2003. (Page 2 of 2). Hezbollah, which has about 2500 fighters and is ... The officials said Hezbollah's intentions in Iraq are unclear, ... mostly to permitting shipments of Iranian-made arms through its territory. ...
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/15/world/nation-war-intelligence-reports-syria-harbors-iraqis-grants-transit-hezbollah-us.html?pagewanted=2

Asia Times Online :: Middle East News - Explosive charge blows up ... Oct 27, 2007... officials of the Iranian regime are responsible for arms that are killing US troops. ... It was widely recognized that it was Hezbollah that had passed on the ... The following day, US troops found yet another EFP factory near ... part of the media narrative on Iran and Iraq that the only issue ...
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/IJ27Ak05.html

Iraq War Logs Detail Iran's Aid to Militias – Iraq War Logs ... Oct 22, 2010 ... 7, 2006, episode in which an Iranian soldier who aimed a rocket-propelled ... a low profile in Iraq by arranging for fighters from Hezbollah in Lebanon to train Iraqi ... which included killing three bodyguards and plotting to attack ministry .... The British Budget Cuts, if Imported to the U.S. ...
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/23/world/middleeast/23iran.html

Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq
by K Katzman - Cited by 12 - Related articles
"Hezbollah-like force to serve [Iran's] interests and fight a proxy war against the ... subsequently, in some cases killing U.S. soldiers, and U.S. forces ...
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/110358.pdf

'Hizbullah trained Iraqis how to kidnap soldiers' Oct 23, 2010 ... When the US failed to change the situation in Iraq with the first war, ... All of that involvement of Iran in killing US soldiers makes one ...
http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=192465

Secret US docs: Iran, Hezbollah trained Iraqi militants - Oct. 23, 2010
... who were backed by Iran's Revolutionary Guards and trained by Hezbollah, used Iranian weapons to carry out suicide attacks and target US troops. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3973570,00.html

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IRAN - HEZBOLLAH CAUSING BLOODSHED IN AFGHANISTAN

Experts discuss Iran-Taliban relationship - USATODAY.com - USA Today Jul 22, 2010 ... For months, top US military leaders have accused Iran of supplying ... and training to Taliban fighters battling American and Afghan troops. ... of Iran's policies — its nuclear program, support for Hezbollah in Lebanon ...
http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-07-22-iran-taliban_N.htm

State Sponsors: Iran - Council on Foreign Relations The U.S. Department of Defense estimates Iranian support to Hezbollah at roughly ... to Taliban fighters in Afghanistan, including, according to the U.S. ...
http://www.cfr.org/publication/9362/state_sponsors.html

NATO Commander In Afghanistan Says Iran Helping Taliban - Radio ...
May 31, 2010 ... NATO Commander In Afghanistan Says Iran Helping Taliban. U.S.General Stanley McChrystal (left) with Afghan President Hamid Karzai at ...
http://www.rferl.org/content/NATO_Commander_In_Afghanistan_Says_Iran_Helping_Taliban/2057300.html

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IRAN - HEZBOLLAH IN SOMALIA

U.N. Report Ties Somali Islamists to Hezbollah : NPR Nov 15, 2006 ... There is an alarming new report about the situation in Somalia. United Nations monitors say seven countries and various groups are ...
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6493083

U.N. Says Somalis Helped Hezbollah Fighters - New York Times Nov 15, 2006 ... In addition to training some Somali militants, Hezbollah "arranged for additional support to be given" by Iran and Syria, including weapons,...
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/15/world/middleeast/15nations.html

NPR : U.N. Report Ties Somali Islamists to Hezbollah, There is an alarming new report about the situation in Somalia. United Nations monitors say seven countries and various groups are supporting Islamists
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6493083

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Official Report of Debates - Page 590
Council of Europe - 1987
Today, we know that this is a physical presence on Lebanese soil. I would even say that there is certainly an agreement among some PLO forces and the pro-Iranian Hezbollah which is aimed against Amal and the moderate Shi'ites, ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=0VmN2dqhkkQC&pg=PA590

Hezbollah - Main
Hezbollah attacks on the Israeli military were instrumental in prompting ... It has become the center of the opposition against Lebanon's pro-Western ...
http://www.thedavidproject.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=97&Itemid=93

IRAN - HEZBOLLAH ASSASSINATING CHRISTIAN OFFICIALS IN LEBANON

Breakthrough in Tribunal Investigation: New Evidence Points to ...
May 23, 2009 ... The terror attack in Beirut on Valentine's Day, 2005: Intensive investigations ... just as the motorcade of former Prime Minister Rafik al-Hariri passed by. .... Part 1: New Evidence Points to Hezbollah in Hariri Murder ...
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,626412,00.html

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HEZBOLLAH USING LEBANESE CIVILIANS AS HUMAN SHIELDS [IN TARGETING ISRAELI CIVILIANS]

Hezbollah uses Christian villages as shields in missile attacks ... Aug 3, 2006 ... If Israel does nothing Hezbollah will continue to fire rockets from inside Lebanon shockingly using Christians as human shields actually ...
http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=7314

Hezbollah's use of Lebanese civilians as human shields: the ... supporting it, using them as human shields. Attacks against Hezbollah ..... the Christian camp and its allies from their positions of power, and ...
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/arabs/hiz/part1.pdf

Hezbollah's human shields - Washington Times
Jul 30, 2006 ... Moreover, by using Lebanese civilians as human shields, Hezbollah appears to be violating Article 58 of Protocol 1, which requires parties ...
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2006/jul/30/20060730-093558-9976r/

Photos that damn Hezbollah | Herald Sun
Jul 30, 2006 ... The release of the images comes as Hezbollah faces criticism for allegedly using innocent civilians as "human shields". ...
http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/special-reports/photos-that-damn-hezbollah/story-e6frf7r6-1111112144002

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HEZBOLLAH PLOTTING ATTACKS IN EGYPT

Egypt Accuses Hezbollah of Plotting Attacks and Arms Smuggling to ... Apr 13, 2009 ... He denied that there had been any plans for attacks on Egyptian soil, ... "Hezbollah's leadership issued strict orders to not target ...
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/14/world/middleeast/14egypt.html

Egypt: Hizbullah will pay heavy price for plotting attacks ... Apr 15, 2009 ... Hizbullah and its leader Hassan Nasrallah "will pay a heavy price ... three simultaneous terror attacks against Israeli and Egyptian targets ...
http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3701677,00.html

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IRAN - HEZBOLLAH TIES TO THE 9/11 MASSACRE

Iran should pay damages, 9/11 family members say
May 21, 2011 | Associated Press

NEW YORK — Lawyers representing 9/11 families are asking a federal judge to find Iran culpable in the Sept. 11 terror attacks, saying new evidence shows Iranian officials had advanced word of the attacks and helped train the hijackers.

The lawyers filed papers Thursday in US District Court in Manhattan saying there is "clear and convincing’’ evidence to conclude default judgment damages should be paid to their plaintiffs — families and personal representatives of some of those killed in the attacks...

The lawyers said Iran and "its proxy terrorist organization,’’ the Lebanese group Hezbollah, entered into a terrorist alliance with Al Qaeda in the early 1990s that continued throughout the preparations for the 2001 attacks.
http://articles.boston.com/2011-05-21/news/29569191_1_iranian-officials-terror-attacks-lebanese-group-hezbollah

9/11 Lawsuit Reveals Iran's Direct Involvement in 9/11 Plot‎ - PR Newswire
[May 19, 2011]
http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/911-lawsuit-reveals-irans-direct-involvement-in-911-plot-122252173.html

Lawsuit: Iran, Hezbollah Responsible for 9/11 | Christian Action ...May 24, 2011
http://www.christianaction.org/node/261

Court filings advance claim Iran aided 9/11 hijackers
Posted: 05/24/2011 9:01 AM

Lawyers for seven family members of Philadelphia-area victims of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks filed new documents Thursday in long-running litigation that they say provide clear evidence the government of Iran aided the hijackers.

Included in the court filings are affidavits from 9/11 Commission staff members alleging that the Iran government directly aided the attack by facilitating the movement of 9/11 hijacking team members through Iran.

The 9/11 Commission, in its June 16, 2004, report, said that senior al-Qaeda operatives had long maintained contact with Iranian intelligence officials and that there was "strong evidence" that Iranian border officials had facilitated their passage through the country on their way to Afghanistan. The commission said there was evidence that Iranian government officials had agreed not to stamp the passports of traveling al-Qaeda operatives.

They would have been barred from the United States had their documents shown travel in Iran, which the U.S. government had designated as a state supporter of terrorism. Despite those findings, the commission stopped short of directly implicating Iran and its proxy in southern Lebanon, the militant group Hezbollah, long linked with terrorist attacks around the world, in the attacks.

"Developing evidence of Iran's involvement with al-Qaeda regarding the events of 9/11 is like putting together a large jigsaw puzzle where many of the parts are missing and never will be found," said the plaintiffs' lawyer Thomas E. Mellon Jr. of Doylestown.

But, he added, "over the last nine years, after interviewing dozens of people, reviewing hundreds of documents, and consulting with many experts in the field, we have developed a strong evidentiary case of Iran's involvement."

The lawsuit was filed in 2002 in federal District Court in Manhattan. Among the plaintiffs are Ellen Saracini of Bucks County, wife of Victor Saracini, captain of United Flight 175, the second aircraft to hit the World Trade Center, and Fiona Havlish, formerly of Bucks County and now of Boulder, Colo., whose husband also died in the attacks.

Mellon cites affidavits from Janice L. Kephart, a former counsel to the 9/11 Commission who focused on the ways the hijackers evaded border security, and former federal prosecutor Dietrich Snell, also a former 9/11 staff lawyer.

"In sum, it is my expert opinion that there is clear and convincing evidence that Iran and Hezbollah provided material support to al-Qaeda by actively facilitating the travel of eight to 10 of the 9/11 hijackers to Iran and Beirut," Kephart said...
http://m.philly.com/phillycom/db_41063/contentdetail.htm;jsessionid=F7AD10C3F1E6DD3E8AF422E9EF03E6C6?
contentguid=tfZ7VhDA&storycount=46&detailindex=2&pn=&ps=&full=true

IRAN-HEZBOLLAH IN BLOODY MASSACRES, CRACKDOWN ON SYRIAN CIVILIANS STANDING UP TO ASSAD OPPRESSIVE REGIME (2011-2012)

Syrian opposition council accuses Iran of role in bloody crackdown
[Jan. 28, 2012]
Syrian protesters step on a poster of Syrian President Basahr al-Assad and Lebanon's Hezbollah leader Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah during a protest...
http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/01/28/191121.html

Syrian rebels claim they captured Iranian soldiers Haaretz
[13:42 27.01.12]
'Free Syria Army' posts video featuring who they claim are soldiers from the Revolutionary Guards, who call on Ayatollah Khamanei to pull back Iran forces from Syria.
By Jack Khoury
http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/syrian-rebels-claim-they-captured-iranian-soldiers-1.409525

Iranians abducted in Syria in Dec. moved to Lebanon: report
The Daily Star
[January 28, 2012]
BEIRUT: Five Iranians kidnapped in Syria in December have been moved to north Lebanon, Iran's English-language Press TV, quoting a source in north Lebanon, ...
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Politics/2012/Jan-28/161384-iranians-abducted-in-syria-in-dec-in-le banon-report.ashx

SNC accuses Iran of role in massacre of Syrians | States Times
Jan 28, 8:33 pm
Thе opposition Syrian National Council οn Saturday accused Iran οf "participation" іn thе bloody crackdown οn protests іn Syria аnd called οn Tehran tο ѕtοр supporting thе Damascus regime.

"Thе Council condemns thе participation οf thе Iranian regime іn thе massacre οf Syrians whο demand freedom аnd call οn іt tο ѕtοр taking раrt іn thе repression οf thе Syrian revolution іn order tο protect relations between thе two peoples," Samir Neshar, a member οf thе SNC's executive committee, ѕаіd аt a news conference іn Istanbul.

On Saturday, a group οf Syria's opposition Free Army released a video ѕhοwіng whаt іt wаѕ ѕаіd wеrе seven Iranians, including five members οf thе Revolutionary Guards, captured іn thе city οf Homs.

Thе video ѕhοwеd travel documents οf thе captives, ѕοmе οf whοm appeared tο bе speaking Farsi.
http://www.statestimes.net/2012/01/snc-accuses-iran-of-role-in-massacre-of-syrians/
SNC accuses Iran of role in massacre of Syrians - Ya Libnan
http://www.yalibnan.com/2012/01/28/snc-accuses-iran-of-role-in-massacre-of-syrians/

UK's Cameron says Iran, Hezbollah supporting Syria's crackdown
Posted: Jan 18, 2012 3:46 PM EST
By Daniel Woodruff, Anchor, Multimedia Journalist LONDON (AP) -- British Prime Minister David Cameron says Iran and the Iranian-backed Islamist group Hezbollah are supporting Syria's violent crackdown on the country's uprising.

Cameron told lawmakers in the House of Commons today that both were offering backing to Syrian President Bashar Assad. He described Assad as a "wretched tyrant who is killing so many of his own people."

Thousands have been killed in Syria's crackdown on the 10-month-old uprising, and Cameron has pledged to press for tougher international sanctions -- despite opposition from Russia and China.

He says there is "growing evidence that Iran is providing a huge amount of support" to Syria's ruling regime.

Cameron is seeking a United Nations Security Council resolution condemning the violence.
http://www.waow.com/story/16547930/uks-cameron-says-iran-hezbollah-supporting-syrias-crackdown

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RACIST HEZBOLLAH'S 'AL-MANAR' - FINANCED BY SYRIA [ANTI-JEWISH, ANTI-CHRISTIAN]

The arrogance of the French: why they can't stand us, and why the feeling is mutual - Page 86 - Richard Z. Chesnoff - Sentinel, May 18, 2006 - 187 pages
But that murderous reputation and even the memory of the French servicemen Hezbollah buried under tons of rubble in the ... Yet another plane was blown up over the *France did finally ban Hezbollah's racist television channel from using French sattelites.
http://books.google.com/books?id=8VsktqUFFOsC&q=%22racist+television%22

Menace in Europe: Why the Continent's Crisis Is America's, Too - Page 102 - Claire Berlinski - Random House Digital, Inc., Jan 23, 2007 - 304 pages
Two months after our conversation, the French govemment banned al-Manar. “No one," said a Foreign Ministry spokeswoman, “should doubt France's determination to combat all aspects of racism and anti-Semitism.
http://books.google.com/books?id=KwUVSZqtqMQC&pg=PA102&dq=racist+%22al-manar%22&hl=en

Terrorism Documents of International and Local Control - Page 69 - Douglas C. Lovelace, Jr. - Oxford University Press, USA, Oct 28, 2008 - 509 pages
broadcasts France's television and radio authority decided, as of March 17, 2004, to ban Al-Manar's programs from ... 17. France was followed by other European Union countries and by the United States: A. On March 17, 2005, the representatives of more than 25 of the national boards of radio and television supervision of European Union countries decided to act against television channels broadcasting incitement to hatred, racism and xenophobia.
http://books.google.com/books?id=wfgTAQAAMAAJ&q=%22television+channels+broadcasting+incitement+to+hatred%2C+racism+and+xenophobia%22

Development assistance and the occupied Palestinian territories: government response to the Committee's fourth report of session 2006-07, fifth special report of session 2006-07 - Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: International Development Committee - 2007 - 15 pages
As the Report notes, racist material may appear on the Internet in the UK and we believe that recordings of some of the unacceptable broadcasts from Al Manar (see below) have been available through that means.
http://books.google.com/books?id=1Ra5O3OrrCsC&pg=PP13&dq=racism+%22al-manar%22&hl=en

A Genealogy of Evil: Anti-Semitism from Nazism to Islamic Jihad - Page 103 - David Patterson - Cambridge University Press, Oct 18, 2010 - 296 pages
... stand in the documentation center for the UN-sponsored World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, ...series produced by their broadcasting facility, Al-Manar, with Syrian government funding; it was first aired during Ramadan 2003. Programs in the series accuse Jews of every atrocity,... by their broadcasting facility, Al-Manar, with Syrian government funding; it was first aired during Ramadan 2003.
http://books.google.com/books?id=lMLmK-fmf8kC&pg=PA103

"The Christ," an Iranian-produced series rife with an anti-Christian anti-Semitic
The Meir Amit
Intelligence and Terrorism
Information Center
August 26, 2010
For the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, Hezbollah's Al-Manar TV and the Shi'ite Amal NBN-TV broadcast "The Christ," an Iranian-produced series rife with an anti-Christian anti-Semitic expressions. The Lebanese Christians protested the program's airing and it was taken off the air.
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/hezbollah_e017.htm