Is "social justice" a religious precept of the Catholic Church?
For longer form and better informed answers than I can give, I would suggest to you the following:
Social Justice Review, November-December 2009, Political and Catholic Perspectives on Freedom of Speech and of Religion, Cynthia Toolin, Ph.D, Professor at Holy Apostles Seminary, Cromwell, Connecticut. Social Justice Review is now more than a century old, published in St. Louis, MO, by the Central Catholic Verein, an old German-American Catholic organization.
There are also a variety of papal encyclicals easily accessed online.
Start with Pope Leo XIII's Rerum Novarum of 1891.
Then Pius XI's Quadragesimo Anno (1931);
John XXIII's Mater et Magistra (1961);
John XXIII's Pacem in Terris (1963);
Paul VI's Populorum Progressio (1967);
Paul VI's Octogesima Adveniens (1971);
John Paul II's Laborem Exercens (1981);
John Paul II's Solicitudo Rei Socialis (1987);
John Paul II's Centissimo Anno (1991);
Benedict XVI's Deus Caritas Est (2005);
Benedict XVI's Caritas in Veritate (2009.
All those encyclicals are available to be read in English online at educationforjustice.org/catholic-social-teaching/encyclicals-and-documents.