I wonder how this could be bypassed during bunkering. A magic pipe perhaps on the fuel barge?
no, you take your samples right on the coupling right where it mates, you have these little glass bottles you take from a sample valve.
https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/10-67-2/fm10-67-2_ch9.pdf
“On-Line Sample.” = “An on-line sample is
taken from a flowing pipeline by opening the valve
and collecting the sample during the flow of the
product. These samples are used mostly for the
water separometer index and particulate contaminant tests.”