The point is that over time, and left to their own devices, these very different peoples naturally organized their societies with similar results. The foundation of our thirteen republics was a common belief in God, and His law. Their governments did not violate the traditions and practices of the preexisting civil society.
That is most correct.
Upon reflection,rather than language, I am thinking that Paine MIGHT have been referring to religious differences which could be and were extremely pronounced. Yes, overarching was God and Christianity in general but the different sects could be a real problem. For example, I believe Samuel Adams had a virulent dislike of Catholic Church.