Liquid Hydrogen was the fuel.
http://www.space.com/11970-nasa-final-shuttle-mission-atlantis-sts135-tanking-test.html
interesting. I knew it was hydrazine in the thrusters. Couldn’t recall the main motors’ fuel.
ZERO ‘pollution’ using H2. Ya just make water vapor. Oh wait, THE *MOST* powerful greenhouse gas is water vapor ;-)