NNSA Dismantles Last Nuclear Artillery Shell; Battefield Weapons Were Retired by George H.W. Bush

releases.usnewswire.com ^

[chance33_98]

NNSA Dismantles Last Nuclear Artillery Shell; Battefield Weapons Were Retired by President George H.W. Bush

12/12/03 11:40:00 AM

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To: National Desk

Contact: Bryan Wilkes of U.S. Department of Energy, 202-586-7371

WASHINGTON, Dec. 12 /U.S. Newswire/ -- The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) has dismantled the last nuclear artillery shell in the U.S. nuclear stockpile, eliminating the vestiges of a type of battlefield nuclear weapons that comprised a key element of America's Cold War arsenal.

Employees at NNSA's Pantex facility in Amarillo, Texas, dismantled the last W-79 warhead earlier this year. Pantex officials will hold a ceremony at the plant today to mark the achievement.

"This administration is committed to reducing the threat of nuclear weapons worldwide," said U.S. Department of Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham. "We have completed dismantlement of another class of nuclear weapons -- weapons that were a very important deterrent during the Cold War."

"Eliminating the last nuclear artillery warhead marks the end of an era in U.S. defense policy that included ground-launched battlefield nuclear weapons," said NNSA Administrator Linton Brooks. "This completes a historic step begun by the United States in 1991. I congratulate our employees at Pantex who were involved in this piece of history."

The United States introduced artillery-fired atomic weapons in its defense arsenal in 1957. Six types were deployed over the years. The W-79 was designed to be fired from an 8-inch artillery piece. These weapons strengthened deterrence by improving the capability of NATO battlefield commanders to stop a Warsaw Pact armored thrust into Western Europe.

In 1991, President George H.W. Bush announced his decision to retire artillery-fired atomic weapons in the U.S. stockpile. The President made his decision unilaterally, apart from any arms control agreement with the former Soviet Union. The weapons, including all W-79s, were returned to NNSA for dismantlement at the Pantex plant.

The Pantex Plant plays a critical role in the surveillance of the U.S. nuclear deterrent. Each year approximately 100 weapons from the active stockpile are sent to Pantex where they undergo a comprehensive diagnostic exam. While most of the weapons are reassembled and returned to the military services, the remaining weapons are subject to destructive evaluation, providing us additional insights into the health of the stockpile. Pantex also refurbishes nuclear weapons in the current stockpile as part of the Stockpile Life Extension Program. The dismantlement of the W79 and other weapons took place over the years as scheduling permitted.

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NNSA is a semi-autonomous agency of the Department of Energy. It enhances U.S. national security through the military application of nuclear energy, maintains the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile, promotes international nuclear nonproliferation and safety, reduces global danger from weapons of mass destruction, provides the U.S. Navy with safe and effective nuclear propulsion, and oversees its national laboratories to maintain U.S. leadership in science and technology.

[Frank_Discussion]

%#*@!

[Prof Engineer]

Bummer. This is not a good thing, I'm afraid.

[eastforker]

I agree they need to be destroyed.In this day and age with cruise and tomahawks there really is no need for nuke artillery.

[ZOOKER]

Why is this not a good thing?

Does any branch of our armed services even use an 8-inch artillery piece? If it won't fit, why should we keep it?

[hchutch]

Any takes on this?

We don't have 8-inch artillery, but there are 155mm guns. Any chance of getting the W82 back in production?

[CasearianDaoist]

They are kind of an obsolete weapon, are they not? I will be concerned when we start dismantling nuclear cruise missles. Remember that we were outrageously out numbered back then. Now we have bases in Uzbekistan and are about to open one in Georgia. Let us how that the RUssians upheld their part of the bargin. I would not, however want small tactica, nukes emmeded with our troops in the field.

Bush seems to have lifted the ban on small nuke research. This might be the was to go - let fall out (of the non-political type, at least.)

[Prof Engineer]

I'm not up on particular artillery pieces. Just the idea of destroying weapons is not necessarily a good idea. If it doesn't fit, by all means, no need to maintain it.

[UNGN]

If you are judged by the Quantity of Nukes you have, it's better to have a 2003 Nuke vs. a 1957 Nuke.

[Starrgaizr]

So, like, when do they show up at the local Army/Navy surplus store? "Makes a great gift!"

[Poohbah]

IIRC, the W82 program got killed because they couldn't get it to work properly.

Nuclear artillery was always of dubious use; by the time the nuclear release protocols would be completed, the situation would have changed so drastically one way or another (either making a nuclear strike unnecessary, or the situation becoming so unsalvageable that a nuke would be worthless).

[pabianice]

Video and photos of blast.

http://www.vce.com/grable.html

[wattsup]

Although I am a retired ex-nuke spook from the USAF, I was at a base that was shared by us and the 55GOLFs of the USA. They had the W79 and believe me when it came time to do some "maintenance" on those type, well let's say good riddance. Not a very friendly nuke.

[Destructor]

"This administration is committed to reducing the threat of nuclear weapons worldwide," said U.S. Department of Energy Secretary"

Someone please explain to me how this will persuade China, North Korea, and Pakistan to destroy their battlefield nukes as well? I must be dense, because it seems like this would only make the U.S. a more tempting target.

[68skylark]

This is good news. There is no possible scenario where these weapons would be used, and it's an expensive pain in the backside to guard them 24/7.

Back when I joined the field artillery in 1981 we regularily trained to fire one of these rounds at advancing communist hordes in central Europe. It would have made quite a bang.

[GreyFriar]

Nuclear surety inspections for artillery units were major events. Training for them consumed many hours, and gave people something to do when cooped up on a kaserne in Germany with nothing else to do but to do gun drills in the motor pool. And if the unit failed, the LTC commanding could kiss his career good-bye.

As for learning how to pay attention to the smallest detail, artillery nuke weapons training was certainly an excellent way.

Fondly remember huddling around the nuke rounds during the cold snowy winters hoping to get the little bit of warmth that came from them. (Right, the rounds never left their bunkers.)

[ZOOKER]

I'm not an artillery expert, either, but I recall seeing a History channel story on nuclear artillery.

The gun was huge, took two large wheeled trucks to transport it and all day to set it up. It had to be that large so it could throw the shell far enough that the gun's crew wouldn't be in the blast radius.

There was another, smaller nuke, called the Davy Crockett, but the crew had to dig a bunker and wear rad gear if they expected to survive the blast.

Both weapons were considered impractical and dangerous to our own forces as well as the enemy.

Battlefield nukes may still have their place, but I think missiles are a better delivery system.

[50sDad]

You want scary? The declassifed KGB files claim that Cuban commanders on the ground during the Missile Crisis had battlefield nuke shells, and permission to use them if America had invaded to shut down the Russian missile sites. You think we would have "gone nuclear" if one of those babies was fired?

Everybody, go rent "Matinee", the film with John Goodman as a 1960's monste-movie producer who primeers his latest and greatest in Key West during the Crisis. A wonderful snapshot of the era, layered with the fears of the age. Wonderful!

[semaj]

SHORTSIGHTED.

[Cannoneer No. 4]

FAPL ping

[hchutch]

Besides, SADARM, the CBU-97, and the AGM-154B do almost as much damage.

[Darksheare]

UH oh.

[Hunble]

Are you F*&k*&g insane?

This is how countries can exploit the Gap between conventional bombs and multi-mega-ton nuclear weapons.

If, for instance, a country such as France or Germany used a very low yield nuclear weapon in the 1 kt range, what could the United States do about it?

Use a B-52 and drop 500 lb bombs with minimal effect, or fire off ICBMs and cause a global nuclear war?

America must (MUST) develop tactical nuclear weapons ASAP.

[weaponeer]

We don't have 8-inch artillery, but there are 155mm guns.

That would be a big surprise to the thousands of army and marine artillerymen currently manning the M110A2 in Iraq and other places around the world.

see: http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/www/260b.htm

[Frank_Discussion]

"Are you F*&k*&g insane?"

Are you asking me a question, or agreeing with my sentiment?

[Hunble]

Agreeing.

[DeepDish]

Instructions on this shell include "jerk string, get away quick".

[Poohbah]

If, for instance, a country such as France or Germany used a very low yield nuclear weapon in the 1 kt range, what could the United States do about it?

B-2 arrives, deposits a 200kt care package, and leaves. President asks new leadership "Y'all sure you want to play another hand?"

Use a B-52 and drop 500 lb bombs with minimal effect, or fire off ICBMs and cause a global nuclear war?

False dichotomy.

Your enemy has already started a "global nuclear war" by attacking the US with a nuke.

We wouldn't cause it. We would simply end it.

[Frank_Discussion]

Whew. I mean, I'm insane, but I didn't see how that was cogent to the discussion... ;-)

[ZOOKER]

Test of nuclear artillery piece, Nevada test range, 1953

[Hunble]

Actually, as someone in the Field Artillery in Germany during the 1970's, I know all about these.

We trained used a 50 foot lanyard (rope) to fire the Howitzer when loaded with a nuclear shell. You dig a fox-hole to protect yourself first. From that fox-hole, you then pull the lanyard and watch the howitzer destroy itself. The nuclear artillery shell goes down-range, and the tube will exit in the opposite direction.

For obvious reasons, you can only fire one nuclear artillery shell per howitzer.

With 6 Howitzers per Field Artillery Battery, that would make the Russians think twice.

[wideminded]

Video and photos of blast.

http://www.vce.com/grable.html

In many pictures and films of atomic tests there are a series of vertical smoke trails to one side of the blast. These are identified in one of the frames on the page you posted. I assume that these trails are not caused by the blast, but serve some sort of testing function, perhaps to measure some parameters of the shock wave. Anyone know for sure?

[Hunble]

In 1977, I was shot at by a German while guarding (NATO two three) these nuclear weapon artillery shells.

To this day, I will alway remember how important these nuclear artillery shells were in our effort to prevent the Russians from invading West Germany.

To me, this will never be forgotten.

[Frank_Discussion]

East German shooter, I assume?

[U S Army EOD]

The gun you are talking about was the 280mm Atomic Cannon. The Davy Crocket could be fired off the back of a Jeep but the range was less than the secondary damage radis.

[FlyVet]

The declassifed KGB files claim that Cuban commanders on the ground during the Missile Crisis had battlefield nuke shells, and permission to use them if America had invaded to shut down the Russian missile sites. You think we would have "gone nuclear" if one of those babies was fired?

Hmmmmmmmm, I didn't know that. It makes me wonder if that's a possble reason Kennedy abandoned the Cubans at the Bay of Pigs. Maybe he knew Castro would sling a few nukes at them?

[July 4th]

Those, I believe, are smoke rockets sent up so that there is a gauge on the picture taken. Makes it easier to measure effect.

[Hunble]

there are a series of vertical smoke trails to one side of the blast.

In the test and images that you talked about, the military fired rockets into the air to provide smoke trails.

After the nuclear explosion, they were able to measure the displacement of the smoke trails in an effort to understand the effects of the weapon as a function of distance and altitude.

[Hunble]

East German shooter, I assume?

Correct!

Actually, I was rather busy at the time for obvious reasons. After the two Cobra helicopters finished with the idiot, there was not much left of him.

As I was told later, it was an East German shooter responsible.

[July 4th]

The Davy Crockett was one mean bazooka.

[U S Army EOD]

I would supect it was probably part of the Bader-Meinhoff gang. They were very active at that time. They put bombs in several military targets such as the Abrams Building and Officers club in Frankfurt, the Airforce Officers club in Weisbatten, and several other places. I don't think your incident made the newspapers because they would try to keep something like that quiet. You are lucky the guy didn't nail you because he was trying to kill you.

[archy]

We don't have 8-inch artillery, but there are 155mm guns.

That would be a big surprise to the thousands of army and marine artillerymen currently manning the M110A2 in Iraq and other places around the world. FR redleg ping.

The M110A2 has been phased out over the last decade in favor of the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System, both by the Army and the Marines. And the M11A2 no longer appears in the listings for Fire Support equipment in the Marine Corps equipment factfile.

The U.S. Navy no longer mounts any gun larger than a 5-incher [120mm] on any of its active combatant vessels.

M110A2 Self-Propelled Howitzer

The M110A2 is a self-propelled heavy artillery cannon with a crew of 12. Designed to be part of a common family of weapons utilising the same chassis components, the M107 and M110 were essentially the same vehicle mounting different barrels. This full-tracked, self-propelled artillery weapon that fires a 200-pound, eight-inch diameter projectile. The shell leaves the muzzle at a velocity of 2,300 feet per second and can travel more than 18 miles. Ammunition includes standard high explosives, bomblets and high explosive rockets. It is found in some corps artillery units. This howitzer system was designed to provide medium-range, general support artillery fire. Powered by a Detroit Diesel, it is not armored and can travel at a top speed of between 30 an 45 miles per hour. The M110A2 was built by Bowen-McLauchlin-York of York, Pennsylvania. Widely used in Vietnam, the Army received this howitzer in 1963. There were 1,023 M-110A2s in the Army inventory in the early 1990s, prior to the system being phased out of service.

[U S Army EOD]

Recoiless Rifle if you please.

[Darksheare]

That'd be a 203mm or higher, right?
Haven't seen one anywhere, and I'd have loved to have seen one.
The highest we have currently is a 155mm.
But the biggest in the world IIRC is in South Africa.
Don't remember the size of the round offhand though.

And no, there aren't any 8 inch howies around anymore.

[Darksheare]

More like atomic hand grenade...
But it did it's job.

[U S Army EOD]

Its been awhile since I have been around the active army, I here tell you younger folks actually load your cannons from the breech instead of the muzzle like we used to do.

[Hunble]

Actually, you are correct. It was the Bader-Meinhoff gang which was responsible for that attack.

Not many people today even know who they were.

You just impressed me with your historical knowledge.

I was very lucky, since the bullet only penetrated my leg after bouncing off of a rock. Poor aiming by the shooter and darn lucky for myself.

I was able to call by radio for support, and had two Cobra attack helicopters attacking his location within two minutes. Now that was impressive to watch!

But back to the subject: I know all about field artillery nuclear weapons.

It is absolute stupidity to eliminate them from our military options today!

[Darksheare]

*LOL*

[July 4th]

A real "duck and cover" piece of work.

[Darksheare]

Yeah, but as long as the Russians thought we'd be crazy enough to actually use it...