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To: RadioAstronomer
Earth is a body in complex motion.

I don't like it. No wonder things are all messed up. Can't you fancy-pants pointy-headed intellectuals do something about all this bobbing and weaving around? It's bad for the digestion.

71 posted on 03/21/2004 6:52:02 PM PST by PatrickHenry (Everything good that I have done, I have done at the command of my voices.)
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To: PatrickHenry
Can't you fancy-pants pointy-headed intellectuals do something about all this bobbing and weaving around? It's bad for the digestion.

"Ladies and Gentlemen; Welcome to the Cosmic Roller-Coaster; in the lounge tonight we have for your entertainment Medved the Magnificent, the 'Clown Prince of Astrophysics,' who has come straight here from his previous engagement as a mens-room attendant at the Taj Mahal...... let's all give it up for the Tedster, and his famous sidekick, Splifford the ASCII bat............."

72 posted on 03/21/2004 6:59:37 PM PST by longshadow
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To: PatrickHenry; edwin hubble; longshadow
I don't like it. No wonder things are all messed up. Can't you fancy-pants pointy-headed intellectuals do something about all this bobbing and weaving around? It's bad for the digestion.

Hehehe! Lats add another wrench into the equation. :-)

The reason the Moon keeps one face to the Earth (its rotation on its axis matches the period of its orbit) is it is tidally locked to the Earth. This tidal locking will eventually cause the Earth and Moon to keep one face to each other.

Here is a more in depth explanation. The total angular momentum of the earth moon system, which is spin angular momentum plus orbital angular momentum, is constant. (The Sun plays a small part as well, which will be ignored for this discussion.) Friction of the oceans caused by tides is causing the Earth to slow down a tiny bit each year. This is approximately two milliseconds per century, and amazingly this causes the moon to recede by about 4 centimeters per year. As the Earth slows down, the Moon must recede (this is an increase in orbital momentum) to keep the total angular momentum a constant. In other words as the spin angular momentum of the earth decreases, the lunar orbital angular momentum must increase. Here is an interesting side note: the velocity of the moon will slow down as the orbit increases.

Another example of tidal locking is the orbit period and rotation of the planet Mercury. What is interesting about this one is that instead of a 1:1 synchronization where Mercury would keep one face to the Sun at all times, it is actually in a 2/3:1 synchronization. This is due to the High eccentricity of its orbit.

There also can be more than one body "locked" to each other. Lets take a look at the moon Io. Io is very nearly the same size as the Earth’s moon. It is approximately 1.04 times the size of the moon. There is a resonance between Io, Ganymede, and Europa. Io completes four revolutions for every one of Ganymede and two of Europa. This is due to a Laplace Resonance phenomenon. A Laplace Resonance is when more than two bodies are forced into a minimum energy configuration.

There is also the thought that Venus and the Earth are also tidally "locked" as well.

73 posted on 03/21/2004 7:25:48 PM PST by RadioAstronomer
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