All of these were typical of the apartheid era, and shaped a concept of masculinity that was based on aggressiveness, risk-taking, sexual prowess and dominance over women.
Amazing. The liberals fought like hell to get rid of apartheid--great riddance to it--but now that they have been successful, they have no better notion of how to fix the resulting social problems than to blame apartheid.
Have they considered that male sexual dominance over women is a widespread feature of tribal cultures? No, they're too blinded by their politically-correct, orientalist (and ironically paternalistic) vision of the Noble ex-Savage, ready to step out of his shantytown and into the corporate high-rise to show the ignorant white people how to run a civilization.
I went to my wifes HS reunion 5-6 years ago. A black male classmate did some missionary work in one of the countries over there and was telling some of the stuff that goes on over there. Although this practice is dying out, in many areas it is till commonly practiced for the father of the groom to sleep with the grooms bride the night before the wedding. He also could not believe how the women do all the work in the fields while the men sit around talking about hunting etc.