A colleague who is a Jordanian Muslim described how the Arab society is still stuck in tribal thinking, which leads to the widespread corruption. He gave as an example the Mubarak family syndicate. He described Hosni Mubarak as the same as a Mafia don, and no Anwar Sadat.
True, plus their incessant marrying of second cousins to “protect” the clan lineage.
The Saudis, Syrians, Kuwaitis and UAE are similar to the Mubaraks in that regard. Even Malaysia and Indonesia are, but with a large non-Muslim Chinese population it isn’t as pronounced there. In grad school I became very good friends with A Malaysian Chinese non-muslim couple who tried their best to stay in the states, because of the affirmative action/favoritism for muslims in Malaysia put them at a dis advantage. Plus they wanted American freedom.
Hosni Mubarak’s name, Hosni, is the same name as our president’s middle name. In Arabic the consonant trigram HSN is the only thing that counts and determines the word or name. The different sounds and positions of the vowels are matters of local accent. Thus Hassan, Hosni, Hussein, etc, are all the same name just as Ian, John, Sean, Jan are all different renderings of the same name in Latin rooted languages.