It has been my take, that the Saudi Government felt bad some of their citizens were involved. They offered that money as an apology, and pulled back a stump.
I’m sure Giuliani meant well, but I think that was a mistake.
I am not sure how I felt about it back then, but to me it was kind of an admission that he figured he knew who was behind it.
I also remember hearing that the Bush admin spirited prominent Saudis out of the US right after the attacks. Some were Bin Ladens, if I remember correctly.
I believe the Saudis knew bin Laden was up to bad tricks, and allowed the Princes to keep funding him.
Certainly the Saudi Government Funded Clerics supported, encouraged and applauded the attacks.
So, you’ve got Saudi personnel, leadership, funding, religious sanction, etc. all behind the attacks.
If that’s not Government Sponsored, it is everything short of a full Saudi attack on America.