The important part is “ the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed” and could not be any clearer.
Leftists like to muddy the water with the preamble, which simply explains why “the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed”.
It does not say the right of the states, it says the people.
It simply codifies the natural law right to self-defense that is inherent and God-given.
Correct. The first part simply recognizes the need for and desirability of a citizen militia. It does nothing to restrict the right acknowledged to that militia.