Lets assume the drafters of that amendment were not morons. They had a choice between:
1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside,
and
2. All persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
They chose and ratified the second version. The only logical interpretation is that the phrase and subject to the jurisdiction thereof was intended to have a restrictive meaning. President Trump is correct.
Saving the entire thread.
There are some excellent comments, along with the usual negative ones from certain FReepers.