Under NYC regulations taxi cabs are treated differently than limousines and for-hire cars. A taxi cab makes stops on the street and picks up anyone who hails it. The other two transport passengers who arrange their rides in advance and book a ride with a specific company. Theyre all regulated by the NYC Taxi & Limousine Commission (TLC) but only the taxi cabs require medallions because theyre a public service instead of a reservation service.
Since Uber and Lyft require customers to have a phone app and reserve their rides through it, the TLC determined that these are for-hire cars instead of taxi cabs.