The Brits were very feudal. Religion was determined by the state, and became a state organ...hence the seperation of church and state in the US constitution...
Free speech was not allowed, thus our First Ammendment of the Constitution.
The Brits believed that royalty were literally "better people" of a higher class...thus "We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal..."
Just about everything in the Bill of Rights stemmed from abuses from feudalism and feudal systems that everyone lived under up until that time...
People were arrested and jailed with no evidence. They were tried in unfair trials...They recieved excessive punishments...