The achievements of Islamic civilization are all on the far corners of the Islamic world, products either of non-Arab peoples long ago(the mosques of Sinan in Turkey; the poetry and painting of Persia; the Taj Mahal in India) or in synthesis with other peoples (as with the Muslim/Christian/Jewish culture of Moorish Spain).
"Arabic numbers" are of Hindu origin.
"Arabic numbers" are of Hindu origin.
Exactly right. Any "accomplishments" are largely the result of exploiting the existing dhimmi Christians, Jews, Zorastrians, etc. These were the foundation. Particularly in the Ottoman Empire, the backbone of the empire were the Greek and Armenian Christians.