It doesn't matter how many studies, factual or fraudulent, are cited in this case. The bottom line is that if you are treated differently and either penalized or rewarded because of the color of your skin, that's a violation of the Equal Protection Clause.
My hope is that the SCOTUS listens politely to all the bogus arguments, then comes down strongly against quotas. I hope it is more than a 5-4 decision. Crossing fingers for a 7-2.