Of course they don't. I'm amazed every time I hear about judges that just disregard the law and rule however the hell they want. A treaty is nothing more than an agreement reached with a foreign nation (or nations) it bears NO legal weight whatsoever. It is just a promise of what we are going to do (or not do). Only once laws are passed that reinforce the treaty, does the treaty have any real meaning. .
Any judge that rules on the basis of a treaty and not US law is violating their charge of trust against the United States. We do still make judges take oaths to uphold the Constitution, right? Impeachment proceedings should begin immediatly against this judge.
From Article III:
"The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority"
From Article VI:
"This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land"
Once ratified by the Senate, treaties ARE US law, as pointed out in #7. Perhaps you meant treaties signed by the President but not ratified by the Senate, in which case I agree with you.