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“But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith . . .” (1 Tim. 4:1a) '

Those who have " fallen from the faith " are either those who were never really saved in the first place but stayed in church to cause trouble, or those who were convinced by the judisers that going back into the law to be saved by self deeds of self righteousness was the way to go.

To fall from the faith simply means, to go back to the law.
They were Christians who thought that just by keeping the law, or a mixture of the law and grace would saved them.
It's either all Grace unmerited ( but merited by Jesus Christ alone ) or it's the law ( for the letter kills, but the spirit gives life ).
The only apostates are those who are trying to earn their salvation according to the law, and not by grace, read the book of Galatians to see what Paul was talking about.
The lascivious ones were the one's who were the one's who were not saved at all, those who lived according to the law, but, thought they were saved, religious, but, no form of Godliness in them, and they deny the power of GOD.
The power of God to save anyone is the Cross ( the shed blood ) of Jesus Christ and nothing else.

You transpose Paul’s exhortations against the Jewish law into condemnation of Christian good works? This is pure innovation. None of the historical Church Councils or Early Christian Fathers interpreted Paul’s words this way. You have taken on latter-day human traditions.