That is a falsehood that borders on blasphemy. In the the pedagogy or "evolution of revelation", the Old Testament was never wrong. It was right until Jesus fulfilled it, and then it was no longer right for us.
I said, the "intellectual giants", referring to the rabbinical schools which taught the means of fulfilling the Law. I did not say the OT was wrong. Check out the Mishna, a catalogue of 63 topical books explaining the oral traditions associated with subjects from the Torah. Even Pirkey Avot (book 63) containing famous rabbinical sayings is in there.
Add to that the Gemara, the commentaries on the Mishna. Together you get the Talmud. And teachers like Gamaliel held that the Mishna was as "important as the written Torah". Here is the pre-cursor to the errors of Rome.
But, it gets worse. Gamaliel taught that every exquisite detail of the Law, down to the infinitesimal level of exacting obedience, could and should be kept to meet the Law's demands. This interpretive technique became known as the Midrashim. God would be pleased if every possible obligation were explored and executed.
Along comes Jesus, the Son of God, and says, "You have heard the ancients say..." "...but I tell you..." THEY HAVE IT WRONG. The Law is far more perfect than they have said, far more demanding, far higher than any mortal can reach. What shall we do? Glad you asked. What is impossible with man, is possible with God.
It is those who add to the message of the Scriptures who are wrong, and these intellectual giants did so for 1400 years. The same thing has happened to Rome.