From: Acts 10:25-26, 34-35, 44-48
Peter in the House of Cornelius (Continuation)
Peter’s Address
The Baptism of Cornelius and His Family
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Commentary:
25-26. It is difficult at first for pagans to realize what is happening when God
manifests himself to them, makes his will known and confers his gifts upon them
through the medium of other men: their first reaction is to think that these must
be celestial beings or gods in human form (cf. 14:11), until it is quite clear that
they are men of flesh and blood. That is how it is: men and women are the defec-
tive but essential instruments whom God normally uses to make known his plans
of salvation. God in his providence acts in this way, first in the Old Testament and
particularly in the New Testament; a prime example is to be seen in the Christian
priesthood.
“Every high priest [is] chosen from among men” (Heb 5:1) to be sent back to his
brethren as a minister of intercession and forgiveness. “He must therefore be a
member of the human race, for it is God’s desire that man have one of his like to
come to his aid” (St Thomas Aquinas, “Commentary on Heb.”, 5, 1).
It has been said that everything about the Gospel of Jesus Christ is quite excel-
lent, except the persons of his ministers—because these priests, who have been
consecrated by a special sacrament, are also sons of Adam, and they still have
the weak nature of sons of Adam even after being ordained.
“Most strange is this in itself [...] but not strange, when you consider it is the ap-
pointment of an all-merciful God; not strange in him. [...] The priests of the New
Law are men, in order that they may ‘condole with those who are in ignorance and
error, because they too are encompassed with infirmity’ (Heb 5:2)” (J. H. Newman,
“Discourses Addressed to Mixed Congregations”).
If priests were not men of flesh and blood, they would not feel for others, who are
made of the same stuff; they would not understand their weakness. But in fact
they do share the human condition and do experience the same temptations.
34-43. Peter’s short address is his first to non-Jews. It begins with the central
idea that God is impartial: he wants all men to be saved through the proclama-
tion of the Gospel (vv . 34-36). This is followed by a summary of Jesus’ public
life (vv. 37-41) and, finally, the statement (the first time it appears in Acts) that
Jesus Christ has been made Judge of the living and the dead (v. 42). As in all
Christian preaching to Gentiles, proofs from Scripture take a secondary place
(v. 43).
34. This verse refers to 1 Samuel 16:7, where the Lord, in connection with the
anointing of David as king of Israel, tells the prophet, “Do not look on his appea-
rance or on the height of his stature, because I have rejected him; for the Lord
sees not as man sees; man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord
looks on the heart.” When God calls and offers salvation to his elect, he does
not judge as men do. With him distinctions regarding social class, race, sex or
education do not count.
Here St Peter proclaims that the Old Testament prophecies about the Jews and
the Gentiles forming one single nation (Is 2:2-4; Joel 2:28; Amos 9:12; Mich 4:1)
and Jesus’ words calling everyone to enter his Kingdom (cf. Mt 8: 11; Mk 16:15-
16; Jn 10:16) should be interpreted literally.
44-48. This scene is reminiscent of Pentecost. There the Holy Spirit came down
on the first disciples, Jews all of them. Now he is given to Gentiles, unexpectedly
and irresistibly. It is as if the Lord wanted to confirm to Peter everything he had
so far revealed to him about the admission of Cornelius to the Church. The cen-
turion and his family are baptized on Peter’s instructions, without first becoming
Jews through circumcision.
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.
From: 1 John 4:7-10
God is Love. Brotherly Love, the Mark of Christians
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Commentary:
7-21. St John now expands on the second aspect of the divine commandment
(cf. 1 Jn 3:23) — brotherly love. The argument is along these lines: God is love
and it was he who loved us to begin with (vv. 7-10); brotherly love is the response
which God’s love calls for (vv. 11-16); when our love is perfect, we feel no fear (vv.
17-18); brotherly love is an expression of love of God (vv. 19-21).
This is not tiresome repetition of the ideas already discussed (2:7-11; 3:11-18):
contrary to the false teaching which is beginning to be spread, charity is the sure
mark, the way to recognize the genuine disciple. St Jerome hands down a tradi-
tion concerning the last years of St John’s life: when he was already a very old
man, he used always say the same thing to the faithful: “My children, love one
another!” On one occasion, he was asked why he insisted on this: “to which he
replied with these words worthy of John: ‘Because it is the Lord’s commandment,
and if you keep just this commandment, it will suffice”’ (”Comm. in Gal.”, Ill. 6,
10).
7. The divine attributes, God’s perfections, which he has to the highest degree,
are the cause of our virtues: for example, because God is holy, we have been
given a capacity to be holy. Similarly, because God is love, we can love. True
love, true charity, comes from God.
8. “God is love”: without being strictly speaking a definition (in 1:5 he says “God
is light”), this statement reveals to us one of the most consoling attributes of God:
“Even if nothing more were to be said in praise of love in all the pages of this epis-
tle”, St Augustine explains, “even if nothing more were to be said in all the pages
of Sacred Scripture, and all we heard from the mouth of the Holy Spirit were that
‘God is love’, there would be nothing else we would need to look for” (”In Epist.
Ioann. ad Parthos”, 7, 5).
God’s love for men was revealed in Creation and in the preternatural and super-
natural gifts he gave man prior to sin; after man’s sin, God’ s love is to be seen
above all, in forgiveness and redemption (as St John goes on to say: v. 9), for the
work of salvation is the product of God’s mercy: “It is precisely because sin ex-
ists in the world, which ‘God so loved...that he gave his only Son’ (Jn 3:16), that
God, who ‘is love’ (1 Jn 4:8), cannot reveal himself other than as mercy. This cor-
responds not only to the most profound truth of that love which God is, but also
to the whole interior truth of man and of the world which is man’s temporary
homeland” (Bl. John Paul II, “Dives In Misercordia”, 13).
9. God has revealed his love to men by sending his own Son; that is, it is not on-
ly Christ’s teachings which speak to us of God’s love, but, above all, his presence
among us: Christ himself is the fullness of revelation of God (cf. Jn 1:18; Heb 1:1)
and of his love for men. “The source of all grace is God’s love for us, and he has
revealed this not just in words but also in deeds. It was divine love which led the
second Person of the most holy Trinity, the Word, the son of God the Father, to
take on our flesh, our human condition, everything except sin. And the Word, the
Word of God, is the Word from which Love proceeds (cf. “Summa Theologiae”, I,
q. 43, a. 5, quoting St Augustine, “De Trinitate”, IX, 10).
“Love is revealed to us in the incarnation, the redemptive journey which Jesus
Christ made on our earth, culminating in the supreme sacrifice of the cross. And
on the cross it showed itself through a new sign: ‘One of the soldiers pierced his
side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water’ (Jn 19:34). This
water and blood of Jesus speaks to us of a self-sacrifice brought to the last ex-
treme: ‘It is finished’ (Jn 19:30) — everything is achieved, for the sake of love” (St.
J. Escriva, “Christ Is Passing By”, 162).
“Among us”: it is difficult to convey in English everything the Greek contains.
The Greek expression means that the love of God was shown to those who wit-
nessed our Lord’s life (the Apostles) and to all other Christians, whose partici-
pate in this apostolic witness (cf. note on 1 Jn 1:1-3; this idea is repeated in vv.
14 and 16). But it also means “within us”, inside us, in our hearts, insofar as we
partake of God’s own life by means of sanctifying grace: every Christian is a wit-
ness to the fact that Christ has come so that men “may have life, and have it
abundantly” (Jn 10:10).
10. Given that love is an attribute of God (v. 8), men have a capacity to love inso-
far as they share in God’s qualities. So, the initiative always lies with God.
When explaining in what love consists, St John points to its highest form of ex-
pression: “he sent (his Son) to be the expiation of our sins” (cf. 2:2). Similar
turns of phrase occur throughout the letter: the Son of God manifested himself
“to destroy the works of the devil” (3:8); “he laid down his life for us” (3:16). All
these statements show that: 1) Christ’s death is a sacrifice in the strict sense
of the word, the most sublime act of recognition of God’s sovereignty; 2) it is an
atoning sacrifice, because it obtains God’s pardon for the sins of men; 3) it is
the supreme act of God’s love, so much so that St John actually says, “in this
is love.”
What is amazing, St Alphonsus teaches, “is that he could have saved us without
suffering or dying and yet he chose a life of toil and humiliation, and a bitter and
ignominious death, even death on a cross, something reserved for the very worst
offenders. And why was it that, when he could have redeemed us without suffe-
ring, he chose to embrace death on the Cross? To show us how much he loved
us” (”The Love of Jesus Christ”, chap. 1).
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.