That's just plain false. It was reiterated in the twelfth century, but was taught since Apostolic times. A detailed history of the topic exists here.
Paul, in describing the different qualifications required of pastor/teachers/deacons, specifically said they were to be men who WERE married.
No, he said they were to be "husbands of one wife". That's not a circumlocution for "married," it means that he was not interested in remarried widowers or those who had pagan wives whom they had divorced. There's a perfectly adequate Greek word for "married," if that was what he had meant.
Of course the assumption, in a church full of adult converts, was that candidates for the offices of elder or overseer would be married. That was not the ideal, as Paul himself proves in the passage you quoted:
The unmarried man is concerned about the work of the Lord, how he can please the Lord. But the married man is concerned about the affairs of this world, how he can please his wife, and his interests are divided. The unmarried woman or virgin is concerned about the work of the Lord, how she can be holy in both body and spirit. But the married woman is concerned about the affairs of this world, how she can please her husband.
He is here making a general comment, not one limited to a specific time or place, and not one conditioned on expecting the end of the world in the next couple of years.
Placemarker
I guess by using your logic, nobody should ever get married, cry, be joyful, buy anything or use anything? In Catholicism's striving to prove it is superior in the matter of celibacy to everyone else they totally miss the whole point! Do you know what the point is?