Add selection (i.e., users with needs and purposes who interact with the computer) and you will get Windows etc. in just a few short years. The codes evolved as did the languages and the hardware because there were strong selection pressures to increase computing power and complexity.
The Base-4 coding you refer to is misleading. DNA codons consists of four nucleotide bases taken three at a time. This gives 64 possible codons. There are 21 natural amino acids so the code is redundant.
DNA is a linear polymer. The sequence is clearly altered randomly in nature in a great variety of ways -- inversions, translocations, base pair substitutions, deletions, etc. DNA is even shared among widely different species by viral transduction. Bacteria typically acquire resistance to antibiotics through plasmid transfer from unrelated species. All of these phenomena prove that random change is inevitable on a vast scale and that Intelligent Design is an impossibility unless you want to allow that the Hidden Designer molds life by a process that looks exactly like natural selection.
Not if there are no programmers. Users can interact all day long for thousands of years, but in a world devoid of programmers, you won't get more sophisticated programs. Likewise, DNA can be altered randomly for thousands of years and still not produce a more sophisticated gene. Programming requires design.
"DNA is a linear polymer. The sequence is clearly altered randomly in nature in a great variety of ways -- inversions, translocations, base pair substitutions, deletions, etc."
DNA is altered randomly just as copying a program over and over will randomly alter programming code eventually, which is to say that the alterations are always negative and usually destructive of the original designed program.
In no way, shape, or form can you copy an old DOS program enough times for random alterations to turn the offspring programs into Windows NT programs.