Posted on 11/05/2003 8:18:48 AM PST by blam
Subfamily | Group | Subgroup | Languages and Principal Dialects |
Anatolian | Hieroglypic Hittite*, Hittite (Kanesian)*, Luwian*, Lycian*, Lydian*, Palaic* | ||
Baltic | Latvian (Lettish), Lithuanian, Old Prussian* | ||
Celtic | Brythonic | Breton, Cornish*, Welsh | |
Celtic | Continental | Gaulish* | |
Celtic | Goidelic or Gaelic | Irish (Irish Gaelic), Manx*, Scottish Gaelic | |
Germanic | East Germanic | Burgundian*, Gothic*, Vandalic* | |
Germanic | North Germanic | Old Norse* (see Norse): Danish, Faeroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish | |
Germanic | West Germanic (see Grimm's law) | High German | German, Yiddish |
Germanic | West Germanic (see Grimm's law) | Low German | Afrikaans, Dutch, English, Flemish, Frisian, Plattdeutsch (see German language) |
Greek | Aeolic*, Arcadian*, Attic*, Byzantine Greek*, Cyprian*, Doric*, Ionic*, KoinE*, Modern Greek | ||
Indo-Iranian | Dardic or Pisacha | Kafiri, Kashmiri, Khowar, Kohistani, Romany (Gypsy), Shina | |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | Pali*, Prakrit*, Sanskrit*, Vedic* | |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | Central Indic | Hindi, Hindustani, Urdu |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | East Indic | Assamese, Bengali, Bihari, Oriya |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | Northwest Indic | Punjabi, Sindhi |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | Pahari | Central Pahari, Eastern Pahari (Nepali), Western Pahari |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | South Indic | Marathi (including major dialect Konkani), Singhalese (Sinhalese) |
Indo-Iranian | Indic or Indo-Aryan | West Indic | Bhili, Gujarati, Rajasthani (many dialects) |
Indo-Iranian | Iranian | Avestan*, Old Persian* | |
Indo-Iranian | Iranian | East Iranian | Baluchi, Khwarazmian*, Ossetic, Pamir dialects, Pushtu (Afghan), Saka (Khotanese)*, Sogdian*, Yaghnobi |
Indo-Iranian | Iranian | West Iranian | Kurdish, Pahlavi (Middle Persian)*, Parthian*, Persian (Farsi), Tajiki |
Italic | (Non-Romance) | Faliscan*, Latin, Oscan*, Umbrian* | |
Italic | Romance or Romanic | Eastern Romance | Italian, Rhaeto-Romanic, Romanian, Sardinian |
Italic | Romance or Romanic | Western Romance | Catalan, French, Ladino, Portuguese, Provençal, Spanish |
Slavic or Slavonic | East Slavic | Belorussian (White Russian), Russian, Ukrainian | |
Slavic or Slavonic | South Slavic | Bulgarian, Church Slavonic*, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian | |
Slavic or Slavonic | West Slavic | Czech, Kashubian, Lusatian (Sorbian or Wendish), Polabian*, Polish, Slovak | |
Thraco-Illyrian | Albanian, Illyrian*, Thracian* | ||
Thraco-Phrygian | Armenian, Grabar (Classical Armenian)*, Phrygian* | ||
Tokharian (W China) | Tokharian A (Agnean)*, Tokharian B (Kuchean)* |
Related to the Basques?
Greenberg includes Etruscan in Eurasiatic, although not enthusiastically (there really isn't much data)
See Indo-European and Its Closest Relatives: The Eurasiatic Language Family: vol. I Grammar and Vol II Lexicon by Joseph Greenberg (the greatest linguist of the 20th century)
Soviet linguists have concluded that Basque is part of a Dene-Sino-Caucasic phylum that includes na-Dine (Athabaskan (icl Navaho and Apache), Sino-tibeten, Yeniesian (Kott and Kett), Burushaski, Basque, and the non-Kartvelian Caucasian tongues.
Discussed in On the Origin of Languages: Studies in Linguistic Taxonomy by Merritt Ruhlen.
Related to the Basques?
Greenberg includes Etruscan in Eurasiatic, although not enthusiastically (there really isn't much data)
See Indo-European and Its Closest Relatives: The Eurasiatic Language Family: vol. I Grammar and Vol II Lexicon by Joseph Greenberg (the greatest linguist of the 20th century)
Soviet linguists have concluded that Basque is part of a Dene-Sino-Caucasic phylum that includes na-Dine (Athabaskan (icl Navaho and Apache), Sino-tibeten, Yeniesian (Kott and Kett), Burushaski, Basque, and the non-Kartvelian Caucasian tongues.
Discussed in On the Origin of Languages: Studies in Linguistic Taxonomy by Merritt Ruhlen.
Thanks!
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